Misc. questions/Inorganic chemistry

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In summary, the conversation focused on various chemistry concepts and questions, including the chemical bond in boranes, the behavior of metal ions in solution, the synthesis of nitric acid and hydrogen gas on an industrial scale, and the differences in properties between different oxides. The concept of "group oxidation number" and the reactivity of SF4 and SF6 with water were also discussed. The conversation concluded with a reminder to do one's own homework and ask specific questions if needed.
  • #1
jsundberg
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Hi!
I have a few questions I need quick answers to, have tried both my textbooks and Google but the answers are not very easy to find without reading a whole lot of text. Many thanks!

1. The chemical bond between borane and hydrogen in boranes, BxHy is characterised by a unusual property. What?

2. Does boranes normaly act as Lewis acids or bases, and why?

3. Name an oxide of carbon and one of silica. The oxides have large differences in apperance/properties. How can you explain this with chemical bonding?

4. Describe the industrial synthesis of nitric acid from hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas. What's the different processes called?

5. What colour and aggregation state does the first four halogens have?

6. Describe the industrial large scale synthesis of hydrogen gas (a two step reaction).

7. Metal ions from the s-group forms few complexes in water solution while metal ions from the d-group can form complexes with many different ligands. Give a simple explanation to this behaviour.

8. What does the concept "group oxidation number" mean?

9. SF4 and SF6 are both termodynamically instable against reaction with water. SF4 reacts fast with water, while SF6 is stable. Why?

10. How is the powerful oxidisers chlorine/flourine-gas manufactured? Why do you have to use a partly different technique in the both cases?
 
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You need to do your own homework, read your text. If you have any specific questions afterwards, you can ask them here. Most of the questions you posted here as well as the other in the chemistry forum are straightforward.
 
  • #3


Hello! I would be happy to help answer your questions on inorganic chemistry. Here are my responses:

1. The chemical bond between borane and hydrogen in boranes, BxHy is characterized by a unique property known as electron-deficiency. This means that the boron atom has an incomplete outer electron shell, making it highly reactive.

2. Boranes typically act as Lewis acids, meaning they accept electrons, due to their electron-deficient nature. This makes them good electrophiles in chemical reactions.

3. An oxide of carbon is carbon monoxide (CO), while an oxide of silica is silicon dioxide (SiO2). The large differences in appearance and properties can be explained by the different types of chemical bonding present. CO has a polar covalent bond, while SiO2 has a strong network covalent bond.

4. The industrial synthesis of nitric acid from hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas is called the Ostwald process. It involves the catalytic oxidation of ammonia to produce nitric oxide, which is then oxidized to nitric acid.

5. The first four halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine) have the colors yellow, green, red, and purple, respectively. They are also found in their gaseous state at room temperature, except for iodine which is a solid.

6. The industrial large scale synthesis of hydrogen gas involves two steps. First, natural gas (methane) is steam reformed to produce a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Then, the carbon monoxide is reacted with steam in the water-gas shift reaction to produce more hydrogen gas.

7. Metal ions from the s-group have a smaller size and lower charge, making it easier for them to form complexes with water molecules. On the other hand, metal ions from the d-group have a larger size and higher charge, allowing them to form complexes with a variety of ligands.

8. The concept of "group oxidation number" refers to the oxidation state of an element within a specific group or column on the periodic table. For example, all elements in group 1 have an oxidation state of +1, while elements in group 2 have an oxidation state of +2.

9. SF4 and SF6 are both thermodynamically unstable against reaction with water due to the high electronegativity of fluorine. However, SF4 reacts more readily with water due to its lower bond strength compared to
 

1. What is inorganic chemistry?

Inorganic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that studies the properties, structures, and reactions of compounds that do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds. This includes elements such as metals, non-metals, and metalloids, as well as their compounds.

2. What are the main differences between inorganic and organic chemistry?

The main difference between inorganic and organic chemistry is the types of compounds they study. Inorganic chemistry focuses on compounds that do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds, while organic chemistry studies compounds that contain carbon-hydrogen bonds. Inorganic compounds also tend to have simpler structures and more predictable reactions compared to organic compounds.

3. How is inorganic chemistry used in everyday life?

Inorganic chemistry has a wide range of applications in everyday life. Some common examples include the use of inorganic fertilizers in agriculture, inorganic pigments in paints and dyes, and inorganic compounds in household cleaning products. Inorganic chemistry also plays a crucial role in industries such as pharmaceuticals, electronics, and materials science.

4. What are some common techniques used in inorganic chemistry?

Some common techniques used in inorganic chemistry include spectroscopy, chromatography, and electrochemistry. Spectroscopy is used to analyze the absorption and emission of light by inorganic compounds, while chromatography separates and purifies compounds. Electrochemistry involves the study of the chemical changes that occur during electron transfer reactions.

5. How is inorganic chemistry related to environmental science?

Inorganic chemistry is closely related to environmental science as it helps us understand the behavior and impacts of inorganic compounds in the environment. For example, inorganic pollutants such as heavy metals and acid rain can have detrimental effects on ecosystems and human health. Inorganic chemistry also plays a crucial role in developing sustainable technologies for waste management and renewable energy production.

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