Physics Project Conservation of momentum,energy, and projectile motion

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on a physics project involving the conservation of momentum and energy using spring-loaded Nerf guns. The participants calculated the spring constant and the acceleration of the bullet, ultimately determining the bullet's velocity before impact. Key calculations included using the equations of motion to find time and velocity, with specific values such as the mass of the bullet (Mb = 0.0136 kg) and the target (Mt = 0.2392 kg). The final velocity of the bullet was calculated to be 17.38 m/s, factoring in the spring compression of 0.06 meters and the distance to the target.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion
  • Familiarity with conservation of momentum principles
  • Knowledge of kinematic equations
  • Basic grasp of energy conservation concepts
NEXT STEPS
  • Explore the derivation of the spring constant using Hooke's Law
  • Study the application of conservation of energy in projectile motion
  • Investigate advanced kinematic equations for projectile motion analysis
  • Learn about experimental methods for measuring spring constants in real-world applications
USEFUL FOR

Students in AP Physics, educators teaching mechanics, and anyone interested in practical applications of conservation laws in physics experiments.

Wilson_Serway
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For my AP Physics Class we were given spring loaded nerf guns and asked to find a spring constant and the acceleration of the bullet before it hit the block. We had to hit a target that was on the edge of our desk and record the distance when the bullet stuck to the target. I have worked more than halfway through the problem, but have trouble when it comes to the conservation of energy and can't seem to find the acceleration.

Mb=.0136 kg
Mt=.2392 kg
X(Desk to landing place)=.3825 m
Y(Top of target to floor)=.82

To find time it takes for the bullet/target combo to reach the floor I used the y-component
Xy=XoY+Vo(t)+1/2(a)(t)2
0=.82+1/2(-9.81)(t)2
T=-.82/-4.905=.409

To find velocity of the bullet/target combo I substituted time into the x-component
X=Xo+Vo(t)+1/2(a)(t)2
.3852= Vo(.409)
Vo=.935

To find the velocity of the bullet before it hit the target I used the conservation of momentum
MbVb+ MtVt=( Mb+ Mt)Vo
.0136Vb+.2392(0)=(.0136+.2392).935
Vb=17.38
 
Last edited:
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Ohh I forgot the spring is compressed 0.06 meters and the distance from the tip of the gun to the block is 1.77 meters.
 

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