Reduce Amplifier Drift when load is near input impedance

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around strategies to reduce output drift in a voltage amplifier, specifically when the load resistance approaches the input impedance of the amplifier. The context includes technical considerations related to instrumentation amplifiers and their performance under varying load conditions.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Experimental/applied

Main Points Raised

  • One participant notes that output drift is negligible with a 100 kOhm load but becomes significant with a 100 MOhm load, prompting a request for tricks to limit this drift.
  • Another participant questions the necessity of such a high load resistance, suggesting a need for clarification on the application.
  • A participant clarifies that the high resistance is dictated by physical limits of the samples being characterized, which can be as high as 10 GOhm.
  • Terminology confusion arises regarding source and load impedance, with one participant correcting themselves to identify the sample resistance as the source impedance.
  • Suggestions are made to use a higher impedance operational amplifier and to implement "guarding" techniques to minimize leakage into the summing junction.
  • Another participant emphasizes the importance of understanding the source of drift, suggesting environmental factors and the need for proper shielding and grounding practices.
  • A recommendation is made to use an Electrometer Amplifier as a unity gain buffer before the AD625 instrumentation amplifier to mitigate drift, along with suggestions for proper input pin management to avoid contamination currents.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the causes of output drift and the best methods to address it. There is no consensus on a single solution, and multiple strategies are proposed without agreement on their effectiveness.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight the complexity of the issue, noting that the source of drift may involve various factors such as environmental noise, grounding practices, and the specific characteristics of the instrumentation amplifier used. Limitations in understanding the application context may affect the proposed solutions.

Hyo X
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I built a voltage amplifier based on the AD625 instrumentation amplifier. This chip has a 1 G-Ohm input impedance.

When the load has a resistance of 100 kOhm, output drift is negligible.
When the load has a resistance of 100 MOhm, output drift is significant and not acceptable.

Are there any post hoc tricks to limit the drift of the output? tricks with ground loops or something? thanks
 
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Why would you want such a high load resistance?
 
Thats the lowest resistance of the samples I characterize. It is set by physical limits and we can't reduce it. Other samples have 10 Gohm or higher resistance.
 
Are you confusing source and load impedance? The load is what the amplifier drives.
 
marcusl said:
Are you confusing source and load impedance? The load is what the amplifier drives.
I must have my terminology wrong!
The sample resistance must be the source. it is the resistance between the V+ and V- inputs of the amplifier. The load resistance should be negligible as this output voltage goes to a data acquisition system.

How can i reduce the drift of the output of the voltage amplifier when the source resistance is close to the input impedance of the amplfier?
 
I assume you meant "source impedance"

a higher z opamp might help
http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/opa128.pdf

a common trick is "guarding" the input pins so as to minimize leakage into the summing junction
http://www.ti.com/lit/an/snoa664/snoa664.pdf
upload_2016-3-9_13-5-46.png
 
Without knowing your application in detail, it is difficult to say where this "drift" is coming from--possibly out of the air, given your high source impedance. Instrumentation amplifiers have extensive features to eliminate stray field pickup and common-mode pickup, but they must be implemented properly. Be sure to read Analog Devices's application notes carefully, not just the data sheet. AN-244 will get you started. Shield your source in a Faraday shield; pay close attention to cabling and connection topologies, cable shields, how grounds are routed, and proper power supply practice to avoid ground loops there. That's the best one can offer without sitting in your lab.
 
Last edited:
You should consider using an “Electrometer Amplifier” as a unity gain buffer before the AD625 IA.
EAs have an input bias current measured in fA. Consider also the ADA4530-1

As suggested by Jim Hardy, the output should be used to guard the input. The shield or screen on any input cable used should also be driven as a guard. It is often a benefit to lift the input pin from the PCB to eliminate surface contamination currents.
 
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