Relaxation time approximation

This allows for a more accurate description of physical properties, such as electric current, in non-equilibrium systems.
  • #1
scivet
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I was reading Chpater 13 in A&M solid state physics, which is about relaxation time approximation. But there is one fundamental expression I'm trying to understand.

It's the formulation of the relaxation-time approximation (Eq. 13.3).
dg = dt/[tex]\tau[/tex]g0

But most of other textbooks including Ziman's and Kittel's ones say
dg/dt = -1/[tex]\tau[/tex] (g-g0) (Eq 7.17 in Ziman's priciples of the theory of solids).

Here g is non-equilibrium distribution function and g0 is equilibrium distribution function.

Though the expression looks different apparently, using both of expressions, the exactly same physical expressions for some physical properties such as electric current can be derived as shown in the textbooks.

It's easy to understand the expression in Ziman's and Kittel's ones but not easy to understand that in A&M.

Could anybody explain why the expression in A&M is different from other ones?

Thank you in advance.
 
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  • #2
The difference between the two equations is that the one in A&M includes an additional factor of dt, while the one from Ziman and Kittel does not. This additional factor is necessary to account for the fact that the relaxation time is not constant over a period of time, but rather changes with the changing values of g and g0. By including this additional factor, the equation is able to capture the changes in the relaxation time as the system moves away from equilibrium.
 

1. What is the relaxation time approximation?

The relaxation time approximation is a theoretical concept used in the study of molecular dynamics. It is a simplification of the full dynamics of a system, in which the time-dependence of the system is approximated by assuming that the system reaches equilibrium on a timescale much shorter than the timescale of interest.

2. How is the relaxation time approximation used in scientific research?

The relaxation time approximation is commonly used in studies of molecular dynamics, as well as in other fields such as statistical mechanics and fluid dynamics. It allows for a simplified understanding of the behavior of complex systems and can provide insights into the properties of materials and their response to external stimuli.

3. What are the limitations of the relaxation time approximation?

While the relaxation time approximation is a useful tool in many scientific fields, it is important to note that it is an approximation and therefore has limitations. It assumes that the system reaches equilibrium quickly, which may not always be the case. It also does not take into account any fluctuations or non-equilibrium behavior that may occur on short timescales.

4. How is the relaxation time approximation related to other approximations in science?

The relaxation time approximation is related to other approximations used in science, such as the mean field approximation and the linear response approximation. These approximations all simplify the behavior of complex systems to make them easier to study and understand. However, they also have their own specific limitations and should be used with caution.

5. Can the relaxation time approximation be applied to all systems?

The applicability of the relaxation time approximation depends on the specific system being studied. In some cases, it may be a good approximation while in others it may not accurately capture the dynamics of the system. It is important to carefully consider the assumptions and limitations of the approximation before applying it to a particular system.

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