Rho (greek letter, not sure on spelling)

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Rho (ρ) represents charge per unit volume, which is particularly relevant for insulating materials where charge can be uniformly distributed throughout the volume. Unlike conductors, where charges reside on the surface, insulators maintain their charge distribution when charged. To analyze the effects of a volume charge density, Gauss's Law can be applied, especially for symmetric charge distributions like spheres. The concept is crucial for understanding electric fields in materials that do not allow charge movement to the surface. Overall, rho is essential for calculating electric fields in non-conductive objects with uniform charge distributions.
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I don't quite understand how to use rho charge per volume. I understand the applications of lamda and sigma as sigma is useful Gauss's Law and lambda is easy when dealing with wires and such. However, how the hell do you use charge per volume? I mean charges only occupy the surfaces of conductors... What law or physical concept can I use to determine how a sphere with volume charge density rho would effect well anything.

Basically, what laws or tricks do I use when working with rho? How could a sphere have a volume charge density when all the charges are on the surface to begin with?
 
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I believe charge per unit volume applies when you are dealing with an insulating object that has had a charge applied to it. As my prof would say, when you apply a charge to an insulating object, the charge stays where you put it. so if you have an insulating object with the charge evenly distributed throughout, it stays there, rather than moving to the surfaces, thus charge is equally distributed through the volume of the object.

please anyone correct me if I'm wrong.
 

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