Rotational Kinetic Energy of a sphere

AI Thread Summary
A small sphere rolls inside a hemispherical bowl, and the problem involves calculating its kinetic energy at the bottom and the fraction of that energy associated with rotation. The total kinetic energy is derived from the gravitational potential energy converted as the sphere descends. The key equation used is mg(R-r) = 1/2mv^2 + 1/2Iw^2, where the rotational kinetic energy is calculated using the relationship between linear and angular velocity. The final step involves determining the percentage of rotational kinetic energy relative to the total kinetic energy. The discussion emphasizes the importance of correctly applying the equations of motion and energy conservation in this context.
kelslee28
Messages
8
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement


A small sphere, with radius 1.6 cm and mass 5.2 kg, rolls without slipping on the inside of a large fixed hemispherical bowl with radius 0.82 m and a vertical axis of symmetry. It starts at the top from rest. What is the kinetic energy of the sphere at the bottom?
What fraction of its kinetic energy at the bottom (in percent) is associated with rotation about an axis through its center of mass?

prob10.gif



Homework Equations



KE = 1/2 mv2
KErot = 1/2Iw2
Vf2 = Vi2 + 2a(yf-yi)

The Attempt at a Solution



I found the answer to the first question. My final equation was KE = mg(r2 - 0.5r1). r1 being the ball and r2 is the ramp.
My attempt at the second question was to find the KE and then subtract that from the total KE. When I came up with an equation for KE it was the same exact thing as the equation for my total KE, so I couldn't really subtract them to find the KErot.
I knew that KE = 1/2 mv2 so I used Vf2 = Vi2 + 2a(yf-yi) to find V2 and got that V2 = 2g(r1-0.5r2). Plugging this into the KE equation gives me the same equation [KE= mg(r[SUB]2[/SUB] - 0.5r1)]

PLEASE HELP! Thanks!
 
Physics news on Phys.org
you found the total kinetic energy at the bottom. Because the sphere is rolling what is the total kinetic energy equal to?

also note:

\omega=\frac{v}{r}
 
I can't use the constant acceleration equation because it's not in freefall. What I needed to do, which now I have figured out, is solve for v using the fact that mg(R-r) = 1/2mv^2 + 1/2Iw^2 where w = v/r

Then use that V to solve for the rotational kinetic energy. Divide this by the total kinetic energy and multiply by 100 to get percent.
 
I multiplied the values first without the error limit. Got 19.38. rounded it off to 2 significant figures since the given data has 2 significant figures. So = 19. For error I used the above formula. It comes out about 1.48. Now my question is. Should I write the answer as 19±1.5 (rounding 1.48 to 2 significant figures) OR should I write it as 19±1. So in short, should the error have same number of significant figures as the mean value or should it have the same number of decimal places as...
Thread 'A cylinder connected to a hanging mass'
Let's declare that for the cylinder, mass = M = 10 kg Radius = R = 4 m For the wall and the floor, Friction coeff = ##\mu## = 0.5 For the hanging mass, mass = m = 11 kg First, we divide the force according to their respective plane (x and y thing, correct me if I'm wrong) and according to which, cylinder or the hanging mass, they're working on. Force on the hanging mass $$mg - T = ma$$ Force(Cylinder) on y $$N_f + f_w - Mg = 0$$ Force(Cylinder) on x $$T + f_f - N_w = Ma$$ There's also...
Back
Top