Sequences of positive numbers and limits

In summary, the given statements suggest that if the sequence (x(n)) is unbounded and the sequence (y(n)) is bounded, then the limit of (x(n)/y(n)) is equal to 0. This can be proved by showing that for any positive number M, there exists a value k in the sequence such that when n is greater than k, the absolute value of (x(n)) is less than M. This can also be simplified by showing that for any positive number M, there exists a value k in the sequence such that when n is greater than k, the absolute value of (x(n)) is less than epsilon times M.
  • #1
iNCREDiBLE
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Let (x(n)) and (y(n)) be sequences of positive numbers such that lim(x(n)/y(n)) = 0.
If lim(x(n)) = +∞, then lim(y(n)) = +∞
If (y(n)) is bounded, then lim(x(n)) = 0

To me this is self-evident. But HOW can it be proved?
 
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  • #2
applications of definitions:

for any [tex]\epsilon > 0[/tex] there's an [tex]n_\epsilon : [/tex] if [tex]n > n_\epsilon[/tex] then [tex]|\frac {x_n} {y_n}| < \epsilon [/tex] and for any [tex]M > 0[/tex] there's an [tex]n_M : [/tex] if [tex]n > n_M[/tex] then [tex]|x_n| > M [/tex]

then for any [tex]M > 0[/tex] there's a k := max {[tex]n_M; n_\epsilon[/tex]} : if [tex]n > k[/tex] then [tex]|\frac {x_n} {y_n}| < \epsilon[/tex] and [tex]|x_n|> M[/tex] then [tex] \epsilon|y_n|>|x_n|> M[/tex] then [tex]|y_n|> \frac {M} {\epsilon} > M[/tex]

CVD
 
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  • #3
The other is possibly simpler:

[tex]\exists M > 0 : \forall n \in \mathbb{N}, |y_n| < M[/tex]
[tex]
\forall \epsilon > 0, \exists n_{\epsilon} : n > n_{\epsilon} \Rightarrow |\frac {x_n} {y_n}| < \epsilon [/tex]
[tex]\Rightarrow \forall \delta > 0, \exists n_{\delta} : n > n_{\delta} \Rightarrow \frac {|x_n|} {\delta} < |y_n| < M [/tex]
[tex]\Rightarrow |x_n| < \delta M, \delta := \frac {\epsilon} {M} [/tex]
[tex]\Rightarrow \exists k := max(n_\epsilon; n_\delta) : n > k \Rightarrow |x_n| < \epsilon[/tex]

CVD
 
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1. What is a sequence of positive numbers?

A sequence of positive numbers is a list of numbers in a specific order where each number is greater than zero. For example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 is a sequence of positive numbers.

2. What is a limit of a sequence of positive numbers?

The limit of a sequence of positive numbers is the number that the terms of the sequence approach as the number of terms increases. It is the value that the sequence "converges" to.

3. How is the limit of a sequence of positive numbers calculated?

The limit of a sequence of positive numbers is calculated by taking the limit of the terms as the number of terms approaches infinity. This can be done using various mathematical techniques, such as the squeeze theorem or the ratio test.

4. What is the importance of sequences and limits in mathematics and science?

Sequences and limits are important in mathematics and science because they allow us to study the behavior of a series of numbers over time or space. They also help us determine the convergence or divergence of a series, which has many applications in fields such as calculus, statistics, and physics.

5. How are sequences and limits used in real-world applications?

Sequences and limits are used in many real-world applications, such as predicting population growth, analyzing stock market trends, and modeling physical processes. They are also used in computer algorithms and data analysis to find patterns and make predictions.

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