Spin Coating TiO2: Effects of pH & Alcohol Type

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The discussion centers on challenges faced during spin coating with TiCl4 mixed with ethanol, specifically the formation of cracks in the resulting films. Key points include the importance of pH and the type of alcohol used, as they can significantly influence the chemical reaction and film quality. The reaction between TiCl4 and ethanol produces TiO2 and HCl, and the presence of water in the ethanol may lead to unwanted side reactions that contribute to cracking. Additionally, factors such as surface tension, wettability, viscosity adjustments, and the substrate's characteristics are crucial for achieving optimal results. Participants suggest reviewing existing literature on TiO2 film deposition to gather insights on effective practices and potential solutions to the cracking issue.
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Hi everyone!
I'm doing some research on spin coating, my precursor is TiCl4 and I mix it with ethanol, but I have cracks on my films, can anyone help me?
The reaction is:
Ticl4+ ethanol ---> TiO2 + HCl +...
What effects does the pH and the type of alcohol used have? How can I change the viscosity ? Can anyone tell me what happens chemically in this reaction?
 
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Is it a Ti-based substrate which you are coating? What is the temperature and pressure of the process?

Surface tension (wettability) of the solution could be a factor. Have you looked at what other people have done regarding chemical deposition of TiO2 films.

The reaction is:
Ticl4+ ethanol ---> TiO2 + HCl +...

What is the water content of the ethanol? One might be getting TiCl4 + 2 H2O -> TiO2 + 4 HCl and perhaps there are some intermediates that interfere with the precipitation process and hence the cracking.
 

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