Tension in a Pulley System: Solving for Work Done by the Tension Force

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the work done by the tension force in a pulley system involving two masses, m and M, where M > m. The key equation derived is W = T * h, with tension T expressed as T = mg - ma for mass m, and T = Mg - Ma for mass M. The confusion arises from the relationship between tension and gravitational forces, particularly how tension can be less than gravitational force while still allowing mass m to ascend. This highlights the importance of correctly applying Newton's second law to both masses in the system.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's second law of motion
  • Familiarity with pulley systems in classical mechanics
  • Knowledge of work-energy principles
  • Ability to manipulate equations involving forces and acceleration
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  • Study the derivation of tension in pulley systems with multiple masses
  • Learn about the work-energy theorem in mechanical systems
  • Explore examples of non-ideal pulley systems with friction
  • Investigate the effects of varying mass ratios on tension and acceleration
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Homework Statement


Hi. My question is only regarding the early step in this problem that solves for tension. Here is the question:
"In a pulley system where masses m and M are connected by a rope over a massless and frictionless pulley, find the work done by the tension force in lifting mass m a distance h. Note that M > m and both masses are at the same height above the ground. The system is initially held at rest, and is then released."

Homework Equations


(T = tension, s = displacement)
W = F * s, here W = T*h


The Attempt at a Solution


So, I have already solved for acceleration of mass M and the v of m after it travels a distance h in another part of the problem, and I thought that I was fine with this one, but: I was summing forces to get the net force on m, which I thought would be T + (-mg) = ma. By following this, I said that T = ma + mg. That made sense to me because 'ma' is the net force, and 'ma' plus the amount of force subtracted by gravity is the total tension of the rope. However, when I finished the problem and checked it, the online review book said that Tension = mg - ma, and I am not sure why that is. Wouldn't that make Tension less than the force of gravity, and so mass m would go down instead of up?
 
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The book may have made an error distinguishing between M and m.. You are correct that T = ma + mg.
It is also correct by looking at the forces acting on M that
T = Mg - Ma

Welcome to the Forums!
 
Thanks. :)
I was worried that I was missing something important.
 

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