Transition in magnetic refrigeration

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the temperature change of a thermally isolated piece of Gadolinium (Gd) when the magnetic field induction is reduced from 1.2T to 0.8T at an initial temperature of 300K. The relevant equation used is derived from thermodynamic principles: $$dT = - \frac{T}{C_{p,H}} \left(\frac{\partial \mathbb{M}(T,H)}{\partial T}\right)_{H,P} dH$$, where the molar specific heat capacity of Gd is given as Cp = 3R J/K/mol. The participants emphasize the need to determine the slope of the magnetization versus temperature graph to apply this equation effectively.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermodynamics, specifically the relationship between magnetization and temperature.
  • Familiarity with the properties of Gadolinium (Gd) and its specific heat capacity.
  • Knowledge of Maxwell relations in thermodynamics.
  • Ability to interpret and analyze graphs representing physical properties.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and application of the equation $$dT = - \frac{T}{C_{p,H}} \left(\frac{\partial \mathbb{M}(T,H)}{\partial T}\right)_{H,P} dH$$ in magnetic refrigeration.
  • Learn how to calculate the slope of magnetization versus temperature graphs for different materials.
  • Explore the thermodynamic properties of Gadolinium and its behavior under varying magnetic fields.
  • Investigate the principles of magnetic refrigeration and its applications in modern technology.
USEFUL FOR

Students and researchers in physics, particularly those focusing on thermodynamics and magnetic materials, as well as engineers involved in the development of magnetic refrigeration technologies.

CAF123
Gold Member
Messages
2,918
Reaction score
87

Homework Statement


The graph below (see attached) shows the measured magnetization against temperature at room pressure for the material Gd and for another material for use in a magnetic refrigerator at room temperature.

1)Calculate the expected change of temperature of a thermally isolated piece of Gd when the field in which it is located slowly reduced from an induction of H1 = 1.2T to H2 = 0.8T starting at a temperature 300K. You may assume that the M versus T curve does not change appreciably with H for H in the range 0.8-1.2T. Additionally, assume that the molar specific heat capacity of Gd is Cp = 3R J/K/mol of atoms, independent of temperature and field, The formula mass of Gd is 157.25g/mol.

Homework Equations


Derived in earlier part: $$dT = - \frac{T}{C_{p,H}} \left(\frac{\partial \mathbb{M}(T,H)}{\partial T}\right)_{H,P} dH$$

The Attempt at a Solution


I think I have to use the above equation derived in an earlier 'show that'. The graph attached shows M/ρ vs T which is equivalent to ##\mathbb{M} / m## since we are also to assume the magnetization,M, is related ##\mathbb{M} = MV##.
So, $$\frac{\partial \mathbb{M}/m}{\partial T} = \frac{1}{m} \frac{\partial \mathbb{M}}{\partial T} + \mathbb{M} \frac{\partial}{\partial T} \frac{1}{m},$$ where ##\partial \mathbb{M}/m / \partial T## is the slope of the given graph.

Since it says the curve does not change appreciably, I think this means the graph has a constant gradient in the particular interval. But I am not sure how to obtain a functional form of ##\partial \mathbb{M}/\partial T##. I can relate this to a Maxwell relation, but I don't think this helps.


Many thanks.
 

Attachments

  • Thermo.jpg
    Thermo.jpg
    32.2 KB · Views: 434
Physics news on Phys.org
Does anyone have a hint?
 

Similar threads

Replies
13
Views
2K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
1K
Replies
7
Views
2K
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
Replies
7
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
4K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K