Stellar evolution is the process by which a star changes over time, starting from its formation and ending with its death. It involves a series of stages, including the fusion of hydrogen into helium, the expansion and cooling of the star, and the eventual collapse and dispersal of its outer layers.
The duration of stellar evolution varies greatly depending on the mass of the star. Smaller stars, like our sun, can take billions of years to complete their evolution, while larger stars can go through the process in just a few million years.
The mass of a star is the main factor that influences its evolution. A star's mass determines its luminosity, temperature, and size, all of which impact the stages it goes through during its lifetime.
The final stage of stellar evolution depends on the mass of the star. Lower-mass stars, like our sun, will eventually become red giants and then white dwarfs. Higher-mass stars will end their lives as supernovae, with the remaining core either becoming a neutron star or a black hole.
Stellar evolution plays a crucial role in shaping the universe. The fusion of hydrogen in stars creates heavier elements, which are then released into space when the star dies. These elements form the building blocks for new stars, planets, and even life. Stellar evolution also drives the formation of galaxies and influences the distribution of matter throughout the universe.