Why Does Kinetic Energy Change After Collision in EENGA 2019 Question?

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The discussion revolves around a collision problem involving two particles, where one is stationary and the other has kinetic energy before the collision. A participant is confused about the correct answer to the kinetic energy transferred to other forms during the collision, believing it to be option C instead of the correct option B. The thread was moved to the homework section and later closed due to duplication with another thread. Participants are directed to refer to the linked thread for further discussion. The focus remains on understanding the energy transfer in the context of the collision.
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A particle of mass m has kinetic energy E when it collides with a stationary particle of mass M. The two particles coalesce. Which of the following expressions gives the total kinetic energy transferred to other forms of energy in the collision?

I keep getting C as my answer when the correct answer is B.
 
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What is answer C, how did you get it, and what is answer B?

I moved the thread to our homework section.
 

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Thread 'Collision of a bullet on a rod-string system: query'

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In this question, I have a question. I am NOT trying to solve it, but it is just a conceptual question. Consider the point on the rod, which connects the string and the rod. My question: just before and after the collision, is ANGULAR momentum CONSERVED about this point? Lets call the point which connects the string and rod as P. Why am I asking this? : it is clear from the scenario that the point of concern, which connects the string and the rod, moves in a circular path due to the string...
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Thread 'A cylinder connected to a hanging mass'

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Let's declare that for the cylinder, mass = M = 10 kg Radius = R = 4 m For the wall and the floor, Friction coeff = ##\mu## = 0.5 For the hanging mass, mass = m = 11 kg First, we divide the force according to their respective plane (x and y thing, correct me if I'm wrong) and according to which, cylinder or the hanging mass, they're working on. Force on the hanging mass $$mg - T = ma$$ Force(Cylinder) on y $$N_f + f_w - Mg = 0$$ Force(Cylinder) on x $$T + f_f - N_w = Ma$$ There's also...
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