Elastic Definition and 1000 Threads

Elastic fibers (or yellow fibers) are an essential component of the extracellular matrix composed of bundles of proteins (elastin) which are produced by a number of different cell types including fibroblasts, endothelial, smooth muscle, and airway epithelial cells. These fibers are able to stretch many times their length, and snap back to their original length when relaxed without loss of energy. Elastic fibers include elastin, elaunin and oxytalan.
Elastic tissue is classified as "connective tissue proper".Elastic fibers are formed via elastogenesis, a highly complex process involving several key proteins including fibulin-4, fibulin-5, latent transforming growth factor β binding protein 4, and microfibril associated protein 4 In this process tropoelastin, the soluble monomeric precursor to elastic fibers is produced by elastogenic cells and chaperoned to the cell surface. Following excretion from the cell, tropoelastin self associates into ~200 nm particles by coacervation, an entropically driven process involving interactions between tropoelastin's hydrophobic domains, which is mediated by glycosaminoglycans, heparan, and other molecules. These particles then fuse to give rise to 1-2 micron spherules which continue to grow as they move down from the cells surface before being deposited onto fibrillin microfibrillar scaffolds.Following deposition onto microfibrils tropoelastin is insolubilized via extensive crosslinking by members of the lysyl oxidase and lysyl oxidase like family of copper-dependent amine oxidases into amorphous elastin, a highly resilient, insoluble polymer that is metabolically stable over a human lifespan. These two families of enzymes react with the many lysine residues present in tropoelastin to form reactive aldehydes and allysine via oxidative deamination.These reactive aldehydes and allysines can react with other lysine and allysine residues to form desmosine, isodesmosine, and a number of other polyfunctional crosslinks that join surrounding molecules of tropoelastin into an extensively crosslinked elastin matrix. This process creates a diverse array of intramolecular and intermolecular crosslinks These unique crosslinks are responsible for elastin's durability and persistence. Maintenance of crosslinked elastin is carried out by a number of proteins including lysyl oxidase-like 1 protein.Mature elastic fibers consist of an amorphous elastin core surrounded by a glycosaminoglycans, heparan sulphate, and number of other proteins such as microfibrillar-associated glycoproteins, fibrillin, fibullin, and the elastin receptor.

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  1. K

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    I was taught to solve this problem by first finding the velocity of the body (of mass ##m ##) relative to the block of mass ##M ##. One way of doing this is as follows: first write $$ {v _{m _{B }}}^{2 }={v _{mx _{B }}}^{2 }+{v _{my }}^{2 } (I)...
  2. I_Try_Math

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  3. LarryS

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  4. R

    I Bell's spaceship paradox

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  5. amandela

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  6. hagopbul

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  7. J

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  8. A

    Question about the solution to this elastic collision

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  9. A

    Question about two elastic collision formulas

    Equation 1 is equating the kinetic energies of the objects before and after the elastic collision. Equation 2 is equating the momentums of the objects after the elastic collision. They can be used interchangeably as long as the collision is elastic. Am I right in my conclusion?
  10. C

    I Thomson Scattering -- elastic collisions conundrum

    Teacher described the Thomson scattering effect through the lens of the electric field changing as a moving particle is accelerated. The changing electric field of the electron accelerating carries with it an amount of energy, and this energy radiates out from the acceleration event. (there were...
  11. M

    Perfectly elastic collision between two electrons in ⊥ B-field

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  12. paulimerci

    Find elastic energy in the compressed spring.

    a) Elastic potential energy stored in the compressed spring is written by, where k =400N/m, compressed spring distance x = 0.5m $$ U_g = \frac {1}{2}kx^2$$ $$ U_g = 50J$$ b) When block C is compressed, it has stored spring PE and when it is released, the block accelerates to the right, where it...
  13. S

    Why is the elastic potential energy in position 2 zero?

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  14. haha0p1

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  15. susan_khan

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  16. Philip Koeck

    I Is elastic scattering of electrons by a solid possible?

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  17. D

    I Elastic Constants for Natural Rubber

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  18. T

    I Elastic collision between two spheres

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  19. S

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  20. MatinSAR

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  21. J

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  22. R

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  23. vibha_ganji

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  24. S

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  25. U

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  26. M

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  27. D

    I Usage of First Order Elastic Constants in Soft Body Equations

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  28. B

    B Alternative elastic collision formula / physical interpretation

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  29. O

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  30. G

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  31. S

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  32. amjad-sh

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  33. T

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  34. Andrew1235

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  35. B

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  36. B

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  37. B

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  38. PiEpsilon

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  39. L

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  40. L

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  41. Traced

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  42. L

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  43. Alekkk

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  44. L

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  45. B

    Formula for the energy of elastic deformation

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  46. B

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  47. Urika

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  48. kshitij

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  49. shk

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