Calculate AC Circuit Power: Toaster 3A, 240V, 50Hz

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An electric toaster operates at 3A rms current and 240V, 50Hz, allowing for the calculation of average power using the formula P(average) = I(rms) x V(rms) cos φ. The power factor is not specified but is likely unnecessary for this calculation. Given that the toaster's heating element is purely resistive, the power factor can be assumed to be one. This means all energy is converted to heat without any phase shift between voltage and current. Thus, the average power can be calculated directly without needing to consider a power factor.
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An electric toaster draws 3A rms current from a 240V, 50Hz source. Calculate the average power and peak value of the instantaneous power to the toaster.

P(average) = I (rms) x V (rms) cos \phi

Since the power factor is not mentioned in the question. Can the question be solved?
 
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If the power factor isn't given, it probably isn't needed. What would you guess the power factor of a toaster to be? What is the heating mechanism?
 
Is it because all the energy become heat so the power factor is equal to one ?
 
Yeah. The heating element is purely resistive, and the power factor of a resistive circuit is unity. You only get a phase shift between the applied voltage and resulting current if the load is reactive.
 

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