Real life application of thermodynamics: Heat transfer/capacity/energy

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Recent advancements in thermodynamics have led to the development of more efficient power conversion systems in both industry and government sectors. The majority of electricity generation still relies on fossil fuels, with nuclear energy contributing around 20% in the US, while renewable sources like hydroelectric, wind, and solar remain a smaller fraction. Innovations in heat transfer and energy capacity are being explored to enhance the efficiency of internal combustion engines used in transportation. These advancements aim to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and improve overall energy sustainability. The focus on thermodynamics continues to drive progress in energy efficiency and environmental impact.
eekoz
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What are some real life applications of those that were developed in the past 10 years?
 
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Such a question needs to be more narrowly developed.

There are ongoing programs in industry and by government to develop more efficient power conversion systems.

Most electricity is produced by combustion of fossil fuels (gas, oil, coal), with about 20% by nuclear in the US, and a small portion by hydroelectric, wind, solar.

Then there are a variety of internal combustion engines used in transportation.
 

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