Black body Definition and 155 Threads

I understand that Planck's law is derived for a cavity with a hole in it. I haven't found a clear argument that the same result and all results that follow from it also apply to solid surfaces that are black. Can anybody point me to a text that shows this?

I'm watching a video about " What is a black body?". That video said when the light interacts with the surface of a body, the electron and proton start oscillating. The electrons gain more transferred energy from the light that became its kinetic energy, rather than the proton because its mass...

What is the connection between (1) Planck's quantum hypothesis that the oscillators of a blackbody can possess only discrete quantities of energy E=nhv n=1,2,3.. (2) the fact that the energy eigenvalues of the quantum harmonic oscillator wavefunction are also separated by intervals of hv...

First of all, Is ##\beta## given by the Planck's law of black-body is the amount of power contained in radiation emitted by a black body? I'm not sure to fully understand the law above. Does it means that if amount of power over all the frequencies is greater than the energy needed to remove an...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien's_displacement_law "Maxima differ according to parameterization ... Using the value 4 to solve the implicit equation yields the peak in the spectral radiance density function expressed in the parameter radiance per proportional bandwidth. (That is, the density...

The image above is the solution posted by the book. I can follow the reasoning that has been used, but i have a trouble particularly at the first equation itself. Why should $$n = 2 \rho / m_{H} $$ instead of $$n = \rho / (2m_{H})$$, since the mass os a molecule of hydrogen is two times the...

I have questions about Black body radiation. see the attached image 1). It explains that the Spectral radiance measurement of 7000K temperature is the same as both 300 and 520 nm wavelength light. See here both A and B shows 60. Is my understanding correct? 2). Is spectral radiance the number...

Hi I am currently taking a physics course and studying black body radiation.I have already seen a good number of books , but I have a lot of unanswered questions. -What does the black body radiation, which is approximately the radiation of the sun, has to do with standing waves inside a cavity...

If a Black Hole is spinning (perhaps they all do) I have heard it distorts the 'fabric' of Space-time in the vicinity. What is the 'friction' component which allows the distortion?

I don't understand how this can be solved. The official solution was: F=\sigma*T^4 E=F*4\pi R^2*60*60 This doesn't make sense to me, as it seems to imply that the energy that the black body radiates depends on the radius of the shell. For a very large shell the body will reflect...

Black body radiation formula contains power and exponential terms. Electric discharge in a gas results in the ion acceleration; the ion distribution comprises power and exponential terms too. Any connection between these two phenomena (i.e. black body and potential) could be established?

I thought that would be something like, using similar counts from Einstein solid, ##S = kln(\frac{(q+N-1)!}{q!(N-1)!})## Where q is ##hv## v is frequency But the results are not similar, so i am little stuck

I am really stuck at this question, i would appreciate any tips you have. I already try to goes with series but the calculation is getting harder and tiring, so probably this is not the right way.

This bother me too much. A black body is said to absorb every incoming radiation. Looking at absorptance we have : A=Φabs/Φreceived So if a Black body absorbs everything we have A=1 Φ is a flux meaning object/time. This means that whatever the wavelength a black body will absorb the maximal...

I was looking at Kirchoffs Laws: "A solid, liquid or dense gas produces a continuous spectrum". I would expect objects to produce an emission spectrum since we would be observing the photons that come from spontaneous emission of electrons in excited states. This photons are specific to the...

I am quite confused, as I start this question. I can easily find the following when searching up Planck's law: However, this is not u. My prof is quite unclear and sometimes chooses his own variables as he sees fit, so i am not sure if this would be equivalent to what he is looking for u(λ)dλ...

Hi, my teacher showed us how we can derive de relation between spectral radiance and density of cavity (of a black hole), but I have a doubt. This is the equation of the energy that are coming from definited directions by the intervals of angles θ and Φ with frequency in a determined interval...

The following are 3 equations of Planck's law or Planck's distribution function. Are they all correct? How do they derive from each other? Equation One: From page 512 of http://metronu.ulb.ac.be/npauly/art_2014_2015/shockley_1961.pdf We denote by Qs the number of quanta of frequency greater...

Homework Statement A spherical body is enclosed in a spherical chamber which acts like a perfectly black body. The reflectance of the body is 0.4 and transmittance is negligible, the temperature of the body and surrounding temperature is constant at T Kelvin. The total power that comes out of...

How can I find the relation between the radiance and the energy density of a black body? According to Planck's law, the energy density inside a blackbody cavity for modes with frequency ##\nu \in [\nu, \nu + \mathrm{d}\nu]## is given by $$ \rho(\nu, T)\mathrm{d}\nu =...

Black bodies are objects that don't reflect radiation. But If I shoot light beams to the sun, it doesn't reflect it , so does that mean the sun is a black body(or at least very close to a theoretical one)?

Homework Statement 2. Consider a metal sphere of radius R and heat capacity C, initially at a temperature To which is much hotter than the background temperature. a) Derive an analytical result for the temperature of such a sphere as a function of time. Clearly state any simplifying...

Per Wikipedia (Outer Space) referencing Davies, P. C. W. (1977), "...the mean free path of a photon in intergalactic space is about 10E23 km, or 10 billion light years." Per Lawrence Krauss (1999), it is longer than the size of the visible universe. What is the current thinking about this?

Hi! I'm trying to understand a perfectly black body. So the definition I have found is that a black body is one that absorbs radiation of ALL wavelengths and reflects NONE. Therefore it appears black at low temperatures. And when heated it emits radiation of all wavelengths making it appear...

I'm talking hotter than T = 6000k. The higher the temperature, the more the curve in the attached figure would shift to the left (while at the same time getting higher). So the intensity peak would eventually fall back into the invisible portion (very small wavelength this time) of the...

The field of quantum mechanics was launched with scientists struggling to understand blackbody radiation. My question is: what is the source of this observed radiation? Is it the nuclei in the matrix of the metal jiggling around ever more energetically as you heat up the metal? Or is it the...

Can black body retain it`s absorbed heat energy? If yes, then why we can not convert this energy into a usefull form such as into electric energy as solar do?

hi guys i am struggling to understand how and why quantization of energy solves the UV catastrophe and the black body problem ? and how they get to the Rayleigh - jeans equation in the first place ? and why plank modified the equation the way he did ? and why should the harmonic oscillators...

Hello Forum, A quick discussion about blackbody theory. As a premise, this is what I know: A blackbody is an ideal body that absorbs all types of radiation incident on it, no matter its wavelength. Once absorbed, the energy is used to increase the blackbody's temperature and when the...

Has anyone else heard of that gravity waves may be the result of another type of supernova remains, called a Grav-Star? It seems almost to physically mimic a neuron star but stopped just shy of becoming a black hole, yet it still has enough of a gravity well to prevent light from escaping. Is...

Homework Statement Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a SolutionThe energy density is given as ## u = \frac { 8 \pi {\nu }^2}{c^3}~ \frac { h \nu} {e^{ \frac { h\nu}{k_B T}} – 1}.## EDIT : I put the constant C. ## \frac { u( 2 \nu) } {u(\nu)} = C \frac { {e^{ \frac { h\nu}{k_B T}} – 1}...

I have been trying to understand the role of a cavity as a black body radiator in the derivation of planks black body radiation law but it has left me with 5 main questions: 1. If an object is a perfect absorber it must also be a perfect emitter, meaning that (allowing for a cavity not being a...

So, if frequency(max) of light emitted from an object proportional to temperature in kelvin, how can sun have max frequency around the yellow region while blue flames are much less hot?

I am looking for bulbs that would be emitting a spectrum characterized by a color temperature of between 500K and 1000K or any kind of light fixture that only emits long IR wavelengths. Does such a thing exist?

Homework Statement By applying the first law to a quasi static process, show that the entropy can be expressed as S = (16σ/3c) VT3 Homework Equations U = 4(σ/c) VT4 PV = 1/3 U[/B]The Attempt at a Solution I know I should be using dS = dQ/T but it's unclear to me how to use this unless I...

Homework Statement I need to calculate radiation power of ball in range 400nm-800nm. T=10000K d=1um. Homework Equations I think I need to use Planck equation and integrate that. My equation in link: http://imgur.com/XbAUwJ8 The Attempt at a Solution I look for equations and laws and try to do...

Homework Statement At lunch, the Sun's thermal energy incident on the surface of the Earth is 1.4 kW/m^2. Given the radius of the Sun, R, distance from Earth, r, and treating the Sun like a perfect black body, calculate the total intensity of its radiation and determine its temperature...

I'm trying to understand the solution to an exercise. The solution claims that that the absorbed power of a black body from sunlight with an angle of incidence of ##30^\circ## is ##P=P_0\cos(30^\circ)## The reasoning here being to take the component orthogonal to the surface. However what...

This question is regarding the dependence of Planck's law for black-body (BB) radiation intensity (or integrating over a hemisphere, the emissive power, E = pi * I). Physically speaking, why is it that a BB emitting in a medium with n>1 (n being index of refraction) emits a higher power/area...

Hey there folks! This is my first post so please be gentle... ;-) One of my students has been studying the emission spectrum of an acetylene flame. A gas mixture from both an acetylene cannister & an oxygen canister is fed out to a nozzle, a flame is ignited and we study the emission...

The energy emitted by a body in watts/m2 is = εσT4. In the case of a perfect black body, ε=1. If the body only emits IR light, what should be the value of ε?

Homework Statement A spherical body of area A and emissivity 0.6 is kept inside a perfectly black body. Total heat radiated by the body at temperature T is (A) 0.4σAT4 (B) 0.8σAT4 (C) 0.6σAT4 (D) 1.0σAT4 Homework Equations Stefan-Boltzmann's Law: P = AεσT4The Attempt at a Solution If it wasn't...

Hello Forum, A black body is an object with emissivity=1 that absorbs as well as it emits. Does that mean that its temperature T stops rising after it reaches thermal equilibrium but it rises before then since absorption dominates over emission? What about a white body? That would be a perfect...

Homework Statement In a dark room with ambient temperature T0, a black body is kept at a temperature T. Keeping the temperature of the black body constant (at T), sunrays are allowed to fall on the black body through a hole in the roof of the dark room. Assuming that there is no change in the...

I see that black body radiation slowly depletes a body's thermal energy, which is just another way of saying that black body radiation depletes the kinetic energy of a body's constituent particles. But does black body radiation also cut into the kinetic energy of the body as a whole, such that a...

I understand why a black body absorbs every frequency(it is the definition of a black body!) but i do not understand why it also radiates at all frequency spectrum.

Wikipedia writes: "Black-body radiation is the type of electromagnetic radiation within or surrounding a body in thermodynamic equilibrium with its environment". Why does it write "thermodynamic equilibrium"? If it is not in a thermodynamic equilibrium, then what changes as far as the absorption...

Heat is a type of energy that is transferable and increases thermal energy. Thermal energy is being released as infrared radiation hence the term heat vision. Does that mean heat is capable of producing so called black body radiation here. Is the infrared radiation caused by the photon emission...