Capacity Definition and 639 Threads

"A rule of thumb is that for every ten-percent increase in efficiency for rocket fuel, the payload of the rocket can double.” Can someone assist me with a simple formula to model this rule-of-thumb? What happens to the payload if the rocket fuel efficiency increases twenty to thirty percent?

I am going to modified the pristine montmorillonite (MMT) by using cationic surfactant. However I am confusing on the way to calculate the weight of the surfactant. I have been searching hundred of journals but couldn't get any information on how to calculate it. For example: MaterialsThe...

I have the equation for heat capacity for constant volume and pressure. Cv = Cp -R So for Cp I have the units J/k and for R the units are J/k mol. So my question is related to that mol. Is it right that I need to get rid of that mol? if so how? Does it involve Avogadro's Constant? Or do...

From what I understand, if a photon hits let's say an atom of Hydrogen its single electron will jump to a higher energy state until it releases it's own photon and returns to a lower state. My question is that what if a high energy gamma ray hits the Hydrogen atom? The electron will fly a long...

Homework Statement The carbon-dioxide has nondegenerate vibrational energies εr=（h/2π）ω(r+1);r=0,1,2..., where ω=(1.26*10^14)s^-1. What is the contribution of these vibrational modes to the molar heat capacity of carbon-dioxide gas at T=400K? Homework Equations...

The question involves testing the Specific Heat Capacity of an aluminum block, using the equation: Q = m x Specific Heat Capacity x Change in Temperature. Two experiments are performed using the same power of the heater and the same mass of the object and a very similar change in...

Homework Statement The experiment was that we heated a beaker with water in it, and also a type of metal for around 5 minutes so that the metal becomes the same temperature as the water. We then dropped that heated metal into a stryofoam cup containing 189.10g of water in it. mass of...

Trying to determine the amount of energy required to heat a specific volume of air by a certain change in temperature. So far this is what I gotten. Vol: 10,000 cubic feet = 283.17 m^3 Orig Temp: 0C (32F) Final Temp: 21.1C (70F) deltaT: 21.1 K or C Density of air @ 0C: 1.293 kg/m^3 Cp...

Homework Statement If the cell capacity of a cell is 3,5A.h; calculate the number of electrons that flow through the cell in 30 minutes. Homework Equations Q= I.t The Attempt at a Solution Q= I.t = 3.5x(1800) = 6300C 6300/(1.6 x 10^-19) = 3.94 x 10^22 electrons

Hi, I just did a specific heat capacity test using a calorimeter, and the specific heat capacity I found (using heat gained = heat lost) is less than the real value. The problem is, I expected it to be more. I mean heat will be lost through the calorimeter, meaning that a greater amount of...

Hi there! So I'm aware that the phonon contribution is proportional to T^3 and for electrons it is T (this is for metals where the first result comes from the Debye model). I was wondering where the electron contribution is derived from and why it is such a low dependence.

When using the equipartition theorem to derive the heat capacity of an ideal gas, you have \left\langle H \right\rangle=\left\langle \frac{1}{2}m\left(v^{2}_{x}+v^{2}_{y}+v^{2}_{z} \right) \right\rangle and each degree of freedom contributes 1/2 kT to the total energy and 1/2 k to the total...

Homework Statement The cream is kept at 5 ºC in the lorries. It is pumped into silos, where it is pre-heated before being pasteurized. The silos are jacketed, and hot water is pumped through the jacket. Assuming no losses, if 300 kg of water at 90ºC enters the jacket and exits at 60 ºC...

I was in taught howw to proves the shannons capacity formula using by takng into conideration a n-hyperspace of uncertanity where the noise resides. It more like the geomteric proof of Shannon formula c = b*log(1+s/n) I have two problems 1) he modeled signals like a round circle and noise...

Hello, Can anyone explain to me what wire guages are? It just says its a measurement of how large a wire is and how much electric current in can safley handle. Can anyone give more insight? Also, if I want to power something that requires 100watts what size of a gauge should i use and why...

Homework Statement Just wanted to find some clarity regarding this subject. In my textbook, it states that Q = nCvdT for constant volume and Q = nCpdT for constant pressure. However, one of the TA's in my classes were telling us how dU = nCpdT for constant pressure and dU = nCvdT for...

Homework Statement In the temperature range from 60 K to 80 K, a certain amount of liquid has a temperature dependent heat capacity that is given by Cp = 20 J K−1 + T × 0.5 J K−2. Determine the entropy change resulting from heating this sample from 60 K to 80 K. Homework Equations...

Homework Statement So basically we're given a capacitor, or 2 metal plates, which has the capacity of 400 pikofarads (4*10^-10 F), a voltage of 200 V, and the distance between the two plates is 2 mm (2*10^-3 m). a) Find the charge of a plate. b) The strength of the electric field. c)...

Homework Statement I'm needing to write a program for thermodynamics, but before I can write the program, I need to find formulas for the heat capacity of a few substances: Al, Fe, BaTiO3, and Polyethylene. Ideally, I'm looking for equations that explain this behavior between 298K and 600K...

Homework Statement At 25C Cu metal (at. wt. 63.54 g/mol) has a molar heat capacity of 24.4 J/molK. The density of Cu is 8.949g/cm^3 at 0C and 8.904 g/cm^3 at 100C. Assuming that Cp is temperature independent, calculate Q, W, deltaU and deltaH when 100grams of Cu metal are heated from 0C to...

I'm fascinated with physics and probably know at least the nature of any effect or object in classical physics, but um... I have never in any textbook or article seen mention of what determines the specific heat capacity of a given substance. Which is kinda peculiar and confusing at the same...

Homework Statement A television picture is composed of approximately 300,000 individual picture elements (pixels), each of which can attain ten different and distinguishable brightness levels (such as black and shades of gray) for proper contrast. If for any picture element, the probability...

Hi Everyone :smile: I have to create an experiment for my assignment in Physics. I've chosen to do something about Specific Heat Capacity. A boy in my class is also doing SHC so I wanted to make mine a little different from his. I've just recently joined physics (never done it before)...

Homework Statement Two identical conducting spheres of radii "a" are kept in contact. Find the capacity of the system Homework Equations C=Q/V The Attempt at a Solution Since the two spheres are kept in contact so they are at the same potential.So we need to find out this potential so as...

when working this out, is it just Cv + Cp? giving 4nR? thanks

. How a field request capacity of a channel?

I think its time we seriously educated people about food. Its now been proven again and again that natural fats and carbohydrates are not the problem with obesity and weight issues. It is the consumption of man made versions of these products. Just by cutting out foods that contain processed...

Homework Statement A 300-gal capacity tank contains a solution of 200 gals of water and 50 lbs of salt. A solution containing 3 lbs of salt per gallon is allowed to flow into the tank at the rate of 4gal/min. The mixture flows from the tank at the rate of 4 gal/min. The mixture flows from the...

Homework Statement The temperature at the top of a popular waterfall is 22.0 degrees celcius. The temperature at its base, 210 m lower, is 22.5 degrees celcius. 1)Caluclate the specific heat capacity of the water. 2) If the waterfall was twice as tall, determine by how much the water...

I would like to increase the maximum current that a PWM signal from a microcontroller can source/sink from +-25mA to +-500mA. The output should have the same peak-to-peak voltage (0 to 3.3V) and should not be inverted (i.e. follows the input). The PWM frequency is ~30kHz. I have looked...

Hi! I've been reading up on FDMA and CDMA and wondering why is it that in CDMA, each message is spread over the entire bandwidth allotted instead of using a single range of frequencies (say, alloted to one user in FDMA), for several users (by assigning a unique code to each of them)? Why...

Hello everyone, In anameia related to iron, plasma tranferring increases and iron decreases. How does this increase the total iron binding capacity of the enzyme. If I draw a sample of blood, there would be some transferrin enzymes in excess lowering iron binding capacity right? Thanks :smile:

Homework Statement 3.00 kg of molten lead is allowed to cool until is has solidified. It is found that the temperature of the lead falls from 605 K to 600 K in 10 s, remains constant at 600K for 300 s, and then falls to 595 K in a further 8.4 s. Assuming that the loss of heat energy remains...

I'm working from Feynman's definition of internal energy for the Debye theory of heat capacity. I'm trying to use that to derive the normal definition of heat capacity that I've seen. But I'm running into a problem. Note, in the following V_0 is frequency, whereas V is volume (that's how Feynman...

just trying to get my head around heat capacity here for an experiment; if conducting a reaction in an adiabatic vessel, of which its material has a finite heat capacity, does this mean that if sufficient heat is produced within the vessel (through a chemical reaction), that the adiabatic...

I know that buffer capacity is defined as the ability of a buffer to resist pH change. I'm trying to calculate the buffer capacity of my buffer. I added NaOH to it until a significant change in pH, usually about 2 units. So when I calculate, should I do exp. buffer capacity = (moles NaOH /...

Dear all, I have no science back ground , I have purchased a 30KVA gas generator, for my farm house, I would like to know if I run it well below its capacity will it be harm full for the generator or it will get hot. It’s a American generator with cooling tower design, which I have converted...

hey for this question If a 2kg sample of aluminium absorbs 64.4 kJ of heat from its surrounds by how much does its temperature increase the answer is 65.1 how? i got 32.5 q=mcT T=q/mc=(64.6x10^3)/(2000x.9930) also same for this question If 0.5g of an organic compound is completely...

Homework Statement The molar heat capacity at a constant volume of a solid at low temperatures T << Td, where Td is the Debye temperature is given by: C_v = 464(\frac{T}{T_d})^3 Consider Td = 281 K for the NaCl. (a) Calculate the average molar heat capacity \bar{C_v} of the NaCl between...

Homework Statement 0.1kg of ice was added to a lemonade of mass 330g at an initial temperature of 28 degree celcius and it completely melted. Considering only the lemonade and ice cubes, calculate the final temperature of the lemonade. Given: specific latent heat of fusion of ice= 336000...

Just like the title, does battery capacity depend on internal resistance? I know it does depend on the temperature and the chemical structure of the battery, but does it also depend on internal resistance? If so, how dependent are batteries on internal resistance? Also, what is the...

a 210 heater is places in 2 kg of water. What temperature rise is produced if the heater is switched on for 200 seconds? I need your help please.

Homework Statement 6550 J of electrical heat is added to a constant pressure calorimeter containing 125 grams of water at 22.6 ◦C. If the final temperature of the calorimeter is 33.7 ◦C, the heat capacity of the calorimeter (including the water) is: Homework Equations I think it is...

Hello I do not remember the layout for posting and it is not posted because I'm on my mobile phone but I need help finding volume of hot water given the volume and temp of cold water and the temp of hot water. I need help finding specific heat given mass and temp and I...

A monatomic ideal gas undergoes a process in which the ratio of P to V at any instant is constant and equals to 1. What is the molar heat capacity of the gas? (A) 4R/2 (B) 3R/2 (C) 5R/2 (D) 0

Homework Statement Blood can carry excess energy from the interior to the surface of the body, where the energy is dispersed in a number of ways. While a person is exercising, 0.8 kg of blood flows to the surface of the body and releases 1300 J of energy. The blood arriving at the surface...

Homework Statement I heated 50mL of water in a Dewar and measured the temp. change with time. however, this only gives me the heat capacity of the system. I again measured but with 100mL of water, in an attempt to correct for the unknown heat capacity of everything but the water. However...

Homework Statement In order to find the specific heat capacity of an unknown material, a 50g piece is heated to 80 degrees Celsius and fully immersed in a well insulatyed calorimeter filled with 100g of water at 10 degrees Celsius raising the temperature of the water by 5 degrees, the heat...

Q. Thermal energy is supplied to a melting solid at a constant rate of 2000 W. Calculate the mass of the solid changed to liquid in 2.0 minutes. Assume that the specific latent heat of fusion of the solid is 95 000 J kg-1 and that heat exchange with the surroundings may be neglected. I was...

Homework Statement The following data is obtained: Weight of ice cube added 20 g Weight of copper calorimeter 80.5 g Weight of water in calorimeter 105 g Initial temp of ice cube -18 deg C Initial temp of water 23 deg C Final temp of water 6 deg C Specific Heat Capacity copper 385 J...