Dna Definition and 374 Threads

Hi everyone! I have seen a number of blog entries or Youtube videos of people submitting their DNA to companies like 23andMe or Ancestry.com to find out more about their heritage. I had thought about submitting mine, and was wondering if any of you have submitted yours. If so, did you discover...

Is it possible to do DNA test from fallen hair, or skin cells? Or no, since the cells die and lose their core before they fall from the body? Do dead cells still have somekind of unique "fingerprint"?

This Science magazine news article describes a nano-scale arm made of DNA whose postion is controlled by charge. There is a little movie too.

I just received the results from the DNA tests that I ordered at 23andme.com. According to 23andme, I have 298 Neanderthal variants in my DNA. 23andme says that I have more Neanderthal DNA in my genes than 80% of 23andme customers. This has really gotten me thinking about Neanderthal DNA, and...

All life on Earth stores its genetic information in DNA using just four nucleotide letters: A, T, C, and G. Research published this week in the journal Nature describes how scientists engineered a bacterium to incorporate two new letters into their DNA (which they call X and Y, pictured below)...

Greg Bernhardt submitted a new PF Insights post New Research on Untying Knots in Polymers Continue reading the Original PF Insights Post.

Greg Bernhardt submitted a new PF Insights post Using the Spaghetti-Twist to Align DNA Continue reading the Original PF Insights Post.

Hello! I am a medical student with an upcoming biochemistry exam, and I'm struggling with the concept of leading and lagging strands. My question is: Can the leading and lagging strand role be switched depending on the direction we look at the dsDNA? Or is the leading and lagging strand...

I see various sources: 1. Karp- Cell biology 2. some papers 3. Michael M. Cox -...

http://science.sciencemag.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aam9695']science.sciencemag.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aam9695[/PLAIN] Researchers have found a way to extract DNA from cave floor sediment strata. Mixed in with a lot of other mammalian DNA is DNA from Neandertal and Denisovan...

The question: What happens to the extra hydrogen when the base pairs combine? For example the formula for Adenine and Thymine are C5H5N5 & C5H6N2O2. So when combined there should be 11 hydrogen, however in the diagrams for A and T when together only show H9. 2 off. Same with G and C...

I mean from a physical and not chemical or biological standpoint, DNA takes the elements of the Earth and turns them into us, at some point this becomes far more basic than biology and DNA is organizing elements by code into life forms. Has anyone ever approached what is happening from that...

According to Snustard and Simmons the structure of DNA polymerase III is the following, where the clamp loader( γ -δ complex ) is present on one side: But according to Lehninger the clamp loader is centrally located: Which one is right? Besides where can I find a correct diagrammatic...

I have been reading Lehninger's Principles of Biochemistry to understand DNA supercoiling (pg-930). Supercoiling is the twisting of a DNA upon itself and this happens when the two helically wound strands of DNA are either underwound or overwound. The book says that this act of underwinding or...

Hi, when I look up organelles listed, DNA and proteins are not in that list. How come? Aren't they "specialized subunit within a cell that have specific functions" too? Then I see ribosome made it to the list. Why is that protein more special than others? Why not put RNA Polymerase in there...

Dear PF Forum, I've seen the term mitochondrial DNA, several years ago usually in determining human migration. Never paid much attention. And recently I read that mitochondria is endosymbiosis, which is surprise me if not intriguing. While I thought only chloroplast is endosymbiotic. Perhaps...

For some reason, I can't seem to be able to find this answer easily on the internet. Or it is there and I somehow I can't see the wood for the trees. I know that in transcription (when DNA is read for protein production), "RNA polymerase" is the protein that creates the mRNA by creating the new...

All of human beings receive half of their genetic material from one of the 2 parents and this genetic material has DNA codes which are transcribed into RNA and then start coding for proteins such as hormones. But hormones for example differ from one to another; for example females secrete high...

I found this interesting computer animation representing DNA functions in cells. My questions: 1) How precisely can we actually magnify cell functions, and what is preventing us from peering in as closely as depicted in the video (keeping in mind that I know it's probably technologically...

klotza submitted a new PF Insights post Polymer Physics and Genetic Sequencing Continue reading the Original PF Insights Post.

Hey all, i get how evolution applies to things using DNA and reproduction, and i get the RNA world hypothesis, but what i don't understand is how the first DNA actually manged to produce the proteins that would later develop into cells without the surrounding machinery to process it, second...

I know major groove occurs where the backbones are far apart and minor groove occurs where they are close together. But I don't understand it. I don't see any difference in both of these grooves

I was wondering if it is possible for a bacteria to enter a body and somehow get some amount of that animal's DNA in itself if and when it leaves the body? Or if it just continues to live in the body. Basically does DNA ever linger around? I heard about "DNA dropping" in organisms, if that's the...

Hello everyone. I have been given a problem in my Introductory Mathematical Statistics class. Been thinking about this one for a while and I am simply stuck. 1. Homework Statement "There has been found a DNA of type S on a crime scene. We will assume a total population of N = 5000000 that are...

Dear PF Forum, I would like to know if LIFE in exoplanet is possible. And if it is, how? When I drove my Pastor to my mother funeral, he asked me out of the blue while I was driving my car. "Do you believe there is another earth?" My immediate response would be, in parallel universe where there...

I'm looking for papers or other references on DNA profiling statistics. Something comprehensive that covers the whole shebang. I kind of troubled by some of the match probabilities being linked to "race" i.e. Caucasian. I'm not even sure what Caucasian even means scientifically. What happens...

Hi I want to know whether DNA inside our brain neuron cells helps us process images of what we see through our eyes.

Hello; First of all I apologize in advance if I make any wrong quotes as I am a Mech engineering and has nothing to do with biology and DNA. I wish to know the entire code or the program of the DNA structure in human brain. As I understood DNA is made up of Adenine, thymine, cytosine and...

Are certain DNA (genetic) strands structurally better build for survival than others? If yes, is there a term for this? For example, is there a specific order of nucleotides that is harder to destroy than another? Or if there is a specific order/combination of nucleotides that would have...

Hello, In the picture above a couple are shown with their children. Or are they actually their children? Is it possible for them, having green (?) and hazel (?) eyes, to get 1 child with blue eyes and 3 children with brown eyes?

I am wondering about the actual preconditions that give rise to DNA replication. Basically, what are the actual environmental conditions/factors that created the process of replication in the first place. I gather before replication, there was random atom and molecule sorting, and at some...

If I have made a discovery relating to how certain codons in DNA behave, what could I do to make a patent/ get rights to my discovery? My discovery is not, but is similar to the discovery that AUG Is the start codon for a protein code. Ideas/Help?

klotza submitted a new PF Insights post Atomic Positioning with DNA Hinges Continue reading the Original PF Insights Post.

I couldn't find much on this topic online. Besides their basic chemical structure, can inanimate objects be said to contain DNA molecules? They don't have to genetically replicate (or at least not quickly). Thanks for any thoughts! :)

This is pretty cool. Imagine people being able to alter DNA at will. http://www.nature.com/news/chinese-scientists-genetically-modify-human-embryos-1.17378

I know there are similar threads regarding the topics above, but which method do you think is more achievable within the next decade? With the current ways of supercomputer and computing in decoding DNA as well as brain mapping, it might be a possible reality in the future.

If a foreign human cell is introduced into one's body by way of blood transfusion or through some other method could these foreign cells survive and take up host in their new environment ? So if a foreign nerve cell is introduced could this nerve cell take up host as a native cell where it can...

Double stranded DNA are bind with hydrogen bonds in between the nitrogenous bases, Usually we use high temperature for denature,so can we break the hydrogen bonds with phonon because shorter wavelength give rise to heat, weather it is possible to denature the DNA?

Hello I am not an expert in this field but I am really hoping to understand as much as I can about the concepts described in my questions below. I might be using some improper jargon and expressions, so I apologize if some things are incorrect or confusing. #1 Do all the neurons have the same...

We know that the gene is part of DNA molecule in organism. I would like to know - are the both strands of DNA equally loaded/”filled” with genes? Or maybe only one strand contains genes? If both strands contain genes then can one gene on one strand “overlap” the other gene on the other strand...

I have no experience working with mice models, but why, for example, in pronuclear injection (or even other methods of transgenesis), is the injected gene of interest randomly integrated? In other words, why would the integration site of the DNA not be known or in a targeted region? I apologize...

Homework Statement Val-tRNA val is the tRNA that carries valine to the ribosome during translation. Which of the following sequences gives an appropriate anticodon for this tRNA? A. CAU B. AUC C. UAC D. GUG Homework Equations There are four different codons for Valine: GUU, GUC, GUA, and...

In a recent thread I posted there was mention of evolution having a specific sense in biology. I just spent an hour reading some evolution primers and I think I have a better sense of how this works at the molecular level but will need to read a lot more till it all hangs together in my mind...

Does DNA exist in all living things...Humans, extremophiles, plant life?

I'm getting confused with the type of bonding (1) between the nucleotides and (2) between the nucleotide and the "sugar phosphate backbone". This diagram: http://tigger.uic.edu/classes/phys/phys461/phys450/ANJUM04/DNA_helix.jpg Shows hydrogen bonds between the nucleotide bases. But then Wiki...

http://www.wired.com/2015/05/dna-changes-seasons-just-like-weather/

New DNA sequencing technology allows the human genome to be sequenced in a matter of days: http://www.stltoday.com/lifestyles/health-med-fit/medical/new-technology-at-wash-u-maps-human-genome-in-days/article_9ed22975-a385-5b53-897a-ff88cba2442b.html Maybe the Twenty-First Century is starting...

A figure in a recent paper from Science made me smile, so I thought I'd share it with you guys. The paper describes a new way of joining nanoscale building blocks together using DNA origami. It's based on the principle that if you have two DNA double helices with a gap in between (see the blue...

And what will be the peptide sequence formed? So the sequence is: ADN 3’- TAC-CGA-TAT-AGC-CGT-ATT -5’ so my guess is that it's AUG-GCU-AUA-UCG-GCA-UAA and the peptide sequence is: Start codon, alanin, isoleucine, serine, alanin, stop codon. My question is: What do those 3's and 5's mean...

Which DNA do we inherit from both of our parents?