Acceleartion of hanging block connected to a sliding block

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the dynamics of two blocks connected by a string, where Block A rests on a frictionless tabletop and Block B hangs off the edge. The acceleration of Block B as it descends is not equal to 9.8 m/s² due to the presence of tension in the rope, which affects both blocks. By applying Newton's second law, the correct acceleration can be determined by analyzing the forces acting on both blocks, specifically the gravitational force on Block B and the tension in the rope.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's second law (F=ma)
  • Basic knowledge of forces acting on objects in motion
  • Concept of tension in a string or rope
  • Familiarity with frictionless surfaces and their implications on motion
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  • Calculate the acceleration of Block B using Newton's second law in the context of connected systems.
  • Explore the concept of tension in ropes and its effect on connected masses.
  • Investigate the implications of frictionless surfaces on motion dynamics.
  • Review problems involving pulleys and connected masses for further practice.
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Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics, as well as educators looking for examples of connected mass problems in dynamics.

emauer
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1. The Problem
Two small blocks, each of mass m, are connected by a string of constant length 4h and negligible mass. Block A is placed on a smooth (frictionless) tabletop as shown above, and block B hangs over the edge of the table. The tabletop is a distance 2h above the floor. Block B is then released from rest at a distance h above the floor at time t = 0.
Express all algebraic answers in terms of h, m, and g. Assume the string rests on a pulley at the edge of the table instead of being in direct contact with the table itself as in picture.
a. Determine the acceleration of block B as it descends.




Homework Equations


F=ma



The Attempt at a Solution


It is my understanding that because there is no friction there is no force pulling block A to the left therefore no force counteracting the force of gravity pulling block B down. The acceleration of both blocks should therefore be 9.8m/s^2. I am told this is not the answer however.
 
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emauer said:
It is my understanding that because there is no friction there is no force pulling block A to the left therefore no force counteracting the force of gravity pulling block B down.
There are two forces acting on B (gravity and the rope tension) and only one force acting on A (rope tension). If the rope tension were zero, then you'd be correct. But it's not zero.
The acceleration of both blocks should therefore be 9.8m/s^2. I am told this is not the answer however.
The acceleration of both blocks would be 9.8m/s^2 if they were in free fall. But they are not: there's a table constraining their motion. The gravitational force on A is countered by the normal force of the table, thus the rope must drag A along without the help of gravity.

Analyze the forces on A and on B and apply Newton's 2nd law to each. Then you can solve for the acceleration (and the rope tension).
 

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