Balancing a plank on a cylinder

AI Thread Summary
The discussion revolves around determining the period of small oscillations for a plank balanced on a cylinder. The user initially calculates the torque and moment of inertia, leading to the angular acceleration equation. After some corrections regarding the direction of torque, they derive the equations for oscillation, concluding with the expression for angular frequency and period. The user questions the dependence of angular frequency on amplitude and seeks verification of their calculations. The final period formula presented is T = 2πb√(ϑ0/(3ga)).
simon janssens
Messages
3
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement


The figure shows a uniform thin rigid plank of length 2b which can roll
without slipping on top of a rough circular log of radius a. The plank is initially
in equilibrium, resting symmetrically on top of the log, when it is slightly
disturbed. Find the period of small oscillations of the plank.
VLwrVGz.png

2. Additional context
The wording of the question implicates that we can use sinϑ ≈ ϑ and cosϑ ≈ 1 because ϑ2 ≈ 0.
The plank has no thickness and the mass is uniformly distributed.
Gravity is constant.

The Attempt at a Solution


I figured that the resulting force is always pointed perpendicular to the plank in the center of mass. This results in a torque τ = r × F .
r = |GC| = ϑa because there is no slipping
|F| = mgcosϑ = mg (rounding for small angles)
so the torque is τ = mgaϑ

Then I try calculating the moment of inertia of the plank, I use the formula for parallel axes of rotation so that the moment of inertia is I = ICM + mh2
ICM = ml2/12 = mb2/3
mh2 = m|GC|2 = ma2ϑ2 = 0
so the moment of inertia is I = mb2/3

This gives me enough to calculate the angular acceleration, ϑ'' = τ/I = 3ga/b2 ⋅ ϑ
I deduce that ϑ is directly proportional with its second derivative.
ϑ has to be of the form eλt or Asin(ωt +φ0).
Because I'm looking for an oscillation, my guess is that it will be of the latter.
Now I have 3 variables and 3 equations, at t = 0 we get :
ϑ(0) = ϑ0 = Asin(ω⋅0 +φ0)
ϑ'(0) = 0 = ωAcos(ω⋅0 +φ0)
ϑ''(0) = 3ga/b2 ⋅ ϑ0 = -ω2Asin(ω⋅0 +φ0)

I tried solving these, but it didn't work, can you help me please ?
Thanks a lot,
S.
 

Attachments

  • VLwrVGz.png
    VLwrVGz.png
    2.5 KB · Views: 951
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
simon janssens said:
This gives me enough to calculate the angular acceleration, ϑ'' = τ/I = 3ga/b2 ⋅ ϑ
.
When θ is positive, will its acceleration be positive or negative?
 
haruspex said:
When θ is positive, will its acceleration be positive or negative?
It should be negative, because the plank is always accelerating towards the point of equilibrium. So should it be ϑ''(0) = -3ga/b2 ⋅ ϑ ?
I probably made a mistake with the vector product τ = r × F
 
UPDATE ----
thanks to haruspex I noticed that i calculated τ = r × F incorrectly, when taking clockwise as positive, the torque should be negative.
This makes the angular acceleration opposed to ϑ, as expected.
this gives 3 equations and 3 variables, as before :
ϑ(0) = ϑ0 = Asin(φ0)
ϑ'(0) = 0 = ωAcos(φ0)
ϑ''(0) = -3ga/b2 ⋅ ϑ0 = -ω2Asin(φ0) = -ω2ϑ0

this solves to
φ0 = π/2
A = ϑ0
ω = 1/b ⋅√(3ga/ϑ0)
the period of this function is T = 2πb√(ϑ0/(3ga))

is this correct ? can someone check please ?
 
simon janssens said:
ω = 1/b ⋅√(3ga/ϑ0)
I would not expect ω to depend on the amplitude. Please check your working.
 
Kindly see the attached pdf. My attempt to solve it, is in it. I'm wondering if my solution is right. My idea is this: At any point of time, the ball may be assumed to be at an incline which is at an angle of θ(kindly see both the pics in the pdf file). The value of θ will continuously change and so will the value of friction. I'm not able to figure out, why my solution is wrong, if it is wrong .
TL;DR Summary: I came across this question from a Sri Lankan A-level textbook. Question - An ice cube with a length of 10 cm is immersed in water at 0 °C. An observer observes the ice cube from the water, and it seems to be 7.75 cm long. If the refractive index of water is 4/3, find the height of the ice cube immersed in the water. I could not understand how the apparent height of the ice cube in the water depends on the height of the ice cube immersed in the water. Does anyone have an...
Back
Top