Calculating Amplitude and Velocity of Mechanical Waves in Non-Uniform Wire

AI Thread Summary
The discussion focuses on calculating wave properties in a non-uniform wire under constant tension. The wave velocity for large values of x (>20m) is determined to be 6 m/s, derived from the relationship between tension and linear mass density. The amplitude of the wave can be calculated using conservation of mechanical energy, with the participant attempting to equate power before and after the wave transitions to a different medium. It is confirmed that frequency remains constant while the wavelength changes, affecting the wave number k. The participant seeks clarification on how these relationships help in calculating the amplitude and power of the wave.
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Homework Statement


The linear mass density of a non-uniform wire under constant tension gradually decreases along the wire while ensuring an incident wave is transmitted without reflection. The wire has constant density μ for x ≤ 0. In this region a transverse wave has the form y(x,t) = 0.003cos(30x -60t), where x,y are given in meters and t in seconds. From x=0 to x=20, the linear mass density decreases from μ to μ/9. For x > 20, the density remains constant at μ/9.

i) What is the wave velocity for large values of x (>20m)?
ii) What is the amplitude of the wave for large values of x? You should be able to determine this using conservation of mechanical energy,
iii)Give y(x,t) for x>20.

Homework Equations



y(x,t) = Acos(kx-wt)
w/k = v
v= sqrt(T/μ)
P = 1/2sqrt(μT)w2A2

The Attempt at a Solution


i) Comparing given wave equation and y=Acos(kx-wt) for x < 0
k = 30 w = 60
v = 60/30 =2
v2μ = T
4μ=T
Tension remains constant so
v20 = √4μ/μ/9 = 6m/s

ii) E = 1/2mv2. At max kinetic energy potential energy = 0. Total energy = Kinetic energy
P = ½√(μF)w2A2
Energy before = Energy After
½√(μ4μ).6020.0032 =½√(μ/9.4μ).v2k2A2
0.0027=k2A2

I have no idea if this is correct and if i can take k to be constant or not.
Any help would be really appreciated!
 
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What stays constant as a wave travels from one medium to another: the frequency or the wavelength?
 
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Thank you!
The frequency stays constant and as the wave travels the wavelength would increase i think. That would mean that k wouldn't be constant.
 
Could I work out the frequency initially as f = v/λ = vk/2pi = 30pi and then as frequency stays the same work out k when x=20 by
k=2fpi/v = 60pi2/6 ?

Thank you for helping me out!
 
Yes, frequency remains constant. What can you say about ω?

How does this help when thinking about the power P?
 
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ω = 2pif so would also be constant. This means I now know all the variables in the power equation apart from the Amplitude so by setting power before to power after I should hopefully be able to get the correct amplitude. Thank you so much!
 
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