Newton vs Einstein: Explaining Other Forces

In summary, under Newton, gravity was seen as an "invisible magic rope" that pulls objects down. However, with the introduction of Einstein's theory of relativity, the concept of gravity was redefined as the warping of space or space-time by mass. While other forces like electricity and magnetism are still considered "invisible magic ropes," there have been attempts to apply the "Einstein treatment" to these forces by invoking warpage in space or fields. This idea has been explored in theories such as Kaluza-Klein and string theory, but they have not yet produced testable predictions that can distinguish them from the standard quantum field theory.
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sbaker8688
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Under Newton, gravity is what I term an "invisible magic rope" that pulls you down.

Enter Einstein. We do away with the invisible magic rope, and say that space (or space-time) is warped by mass.

However, we still have other forces, that (as far as I know, anyway) are "invisible magic ropes." The electrical force, for instance, or the magnetic force.

QUESTION: Is it possible, and/or desirable, to do the "Einstein treatment" with these other forces, and invoke some kind of warpage, either of space, or of some field, to explain the force? Or is this already being done, unbeknownst to me?
 
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sbaker8688 said:
Is it possible, and/or desirable, to do the "Einstein treatment" with these other forces, and invoke some kind of warpage, either of space, or of some field, to explain the force? Or is this already being done, unbeknownst to me?

Yes, it is. @Dale mentioned Kaluza-Klein theory; but a more modern version of the same idea turns up in string theory, in which all of the forces other than gravity are accounted for by invoking extra spacetime dimensions that are not directly observable, and curvatures in these extra dimensions appear to us as interactions.

The key limitation of all these models, at least so far, is that they don't make any testable predictions which are different from those of the standard treatment of the non-gravitational interactions, which is quantum field theory. So there's no way to do an experiment that could distinguish between these two kinds of models.
 
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1. What is the difference between Newton's and Einstein's theories of forces?

Newton's theory of forces, also known as classical mechanics, describes the motion of objects in terms of forces acting on them. It is based on the laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation. On the other hand, Einstein's theory of forces, also known as general relativity, explains the effects of gravity as the curvature of space and time caused by the presence of massive objects.

2. Which theory is considered more accurate?

Einstein's theory of general relativity is considered more accurate as it has been extensively tested and has been able to predict phenomena such as the bending of light by massive objects and the existence of black holes.

3. Can Newton's and Einstein's theories be reconciled?

Yes, Newton's and Einstein's theories can be reconciled in certain situations. Newton's theory is still applicable for everyday phenomena and has been shown to be a good approximation of Einstein's theory in certain conditions, such as low speeds and weak gravitational fields.

4. What other forces do Newton and Einstein's theories explain?

Newton's theory explains the forces of gravity, electromagnetism, and the strong and weak nuclear forces. Einstein's theory explains the force of gravity, but it also has implications for the other forces, as they are all interconnected through the curvature of spacetime.

5. How do these theories impact our understanding of the universe?

Newton's and Einstein's theories have greatly impacted our understanding of the universe. Newton's theory allowed for the development of modern physics and engineering, while Einstein's theory revolutionized our understanding of gravity and the nature of the universe. Together, they have provided a framework for understanding the fundamental forces that govern the behavior of matter and energy in our universe.

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