Critical Thickness of Insulation

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the concept of "Critical thickness of Insulation," particularly in the context of cylindrical and spherical geometries. Participants explore theoretical aspects, derivations, and implications of insulation thickness on heat transfer, including both conduction and convection effects.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants describe the relationship between insulation thickness and heat transfer, noting that increased thickness can lead to a point where thermal resistivity against conduction outweighs the benefits of convection.
  • One participant argues that there should not be a critical thickness for a plane wall due to the lack of increased surface area for heat transfer.
  • Another participant suggests deriving an expression for critical diameter starting from the heat flux calculated with the u-value.
  • There is a discussion on the mathematical approach to finding critical thickness, involving derivatives of total resistance for a cylinder and identifying minima in the heat transfer curve.
  • One participant mentions the application of critical insulation in tubes or pipes to decrease heat transfer rates, contrasting with wire insulation which is intended to increase heat transfer rates.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the existence and implications of critical thickness for insulation, particularly for plane walls versus cylindrical geometries. The discussion remains unresolved with multiple competing perspectives on the topic.

Contextual Notes

Participants do not fully agree on the definitions and implications of critical thickness, and there are unresolved mathematical steps regarding the derivation of expressions for critical thickness in different geometries.

Ali Durrani
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What do you understand by the term "Critical thickness of Insulation"? What is the critical thickness of a plane wall? Derive an expression for the critical thickness of insulation for a cylinder?
 
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Imagine a cylindrical or spherical geometry you want to insulate thermally. The heat transfer at the outside due to convection increases with a larger surface of the insulation, whereas the heat conduction in the insulation decreases with the thickness of the insulation. For small thicknesses the increase of the convection due to the larger surface outweighs the insulating effect against thermal conduction due to the increase of the thickness. From a certain thickness of the insulation the thermal resistivity against conduction increases faster than the heat transfer at the outside of the insulation due to convection.

There shouldn't be a critical thickness for the insulation for a plane wall, because it doesn't increase the surface of the insulated object.

You can derive an expression for the critical diameter starting with the heat flux calculated with the u-value.
 
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stockzahn said:
Imagine a cylindrical or spherical geometry you want to insulate thermally. The heat transfer at the outside due to convection increases with a larger surface of the insulation, whereas the heat conduction in the insulation decreases with the thickness of the insulation. For small thicknesses the increase of the convection due to the larger surface outweighs the insulating effect against thermal conduction due to the increase of the thickness. From a certain thickness of the insulation the thermal resistivity against conduction increases faster than the heat transfer at the outside of the insulation due to convection.
Is it the right approach by taking the derivative over the total resistance of a cylinder and then again taking the derivative over the answer, if the answer is positive, you get a minima over the curve so the conduction heat transfer has decreased over an optimum value of convection heat transfer
 
Ali Durrani said:
Is it the right approach by taking the derivative over the total resistance of a cylinder and then again taking the derivative over the answer, if the answer is positive, you get a minima over the curve so the conduction heat transfer has decreased over an optimum value of convection heat transfer

Basically yes, but you have to set the 1st derivative zero to find the critical thickness/radius and then plugging it in the 2nd derivative (I'm pretty sure you implied that in your post).
 
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Also tubes or pipes are critically insulated to decrease the heat transfer rate. And wires are insulated to increase the heat transfer rate.
 
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