Finding an indefinite integral

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating the indefinite integral of the function ## \int\frac{3x^3}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}##. The original poster attempts to solve this integral using a trigonometric substitution, specifically ##x=\sin(\theta)##, and expresses confusion regarding the discrepancy between their result and the answer provided in their textbook.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Mathematical reasoning, Problem interpretation

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the original poster's substitution method and the subsequent steps taken in the integration process. There are questions about the correctness of the results and the possibility of errors in the integration steps. Some participants suggest checking the differentiation of both solutions to explore their equivalence.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants providing guidance on re-evaluating the substitution and integration steps. There is acknowledgment of potential errors in the original poster's approach, but no consensus has been reached regarding the correctness of the solutions presented.

Contextual Notes

Participants note the importance of verifying answers through differentiation, and there is mention of a sign error in the integration process, though the specifics of the error remain under discussion.

nightingale123
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Homework Statement


Calculate the indefinite integral of the function ## \int\frac{3x^3}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}##
my book gives the answer ##-(2+x^2)\sqrt{1-x^2}+C##

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


So I started trying to calculate this indefinite integral by using a substitution ##x=\sin(\theta)##

so ##dx=\cos{\theta}d\theta##

then I substituted this term into my integral and got

##3\int\frac{\sin^3\theta*\cos\theta*d\theta}{\cos\theta}##

Then I canceled out the ## \cos\theta## and wrote ##\sin^2\theta=1-\cos^2\theta##

##3\int\sin\theta*(1-\cos^2\theta*)d\theta##

here I substituted another new variable ##\cos\theta=t\Rightarrow dt=-\sin\theta d\theta## and I substituted that into my integral and got

##3\int(1-t^2)dt##

which is equal to ##-3t+t^3+C##
and when I inserted all my renamed variables back into the equation I got
## \int\frac{3x^3}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}=-3\cos{(\sin^{-1}x)}+(\cos({\sin^{-1}x}))^3##
Which is nowhere near the answer that is given in my textbook so I don't even know where I made my mistake
Thanks
 
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What do you get, if you differentiate both solutions?
How do you know, that they aren't the same?
 
Last edited:
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Try putting x=sinθ again and simplifying. Note that you seem to have made a sign error in your last integration.
 
John Park said:
Try putting x=sinθ again and simplifying. Note that you seem to have made a sign error in your last integration.
No sign error in the integration result, only in the line before. But that's not the point. You simply have two expressions of possibly the same result.
 
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Thank you. I completely forgot that I could check my answer by just deriving what I got and checking if it is the same as the equation I started with
 

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