Finding the volume of a cube with 1 Joule

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the edge length L of a cube containing hydrogen gas with a thermal energy of 1 Joule at a temperature of 3 K. The pressure P is determined to be 4.14x10-17 Pa, and the root mean square velocity Vrms is calculated as 273 m/s. The energy equation Eth = 3pV leads to a volume V of 8.05x1015 m3. The final calculation shows that the cube root of the volume yields an edge length L of approximately 2.52x107 m.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the ideal gas law and its applications
  • Familiarity with kinetic theory of gases
  • Knowledge of thermal energy equations, specifically Eth = 3pV
  • Basic algebra for solving equations and manipulating units
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the ideal gas law and its implications in low-density environments
  • Explore the kinetic theory of gases, focusing on energy calculations
  • Learn about pressure-volume relationships in thermodynamics
  • Investigate the implications of temperature on gas behavior at near absolute zero
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Students in physics, particularly those studying thermodynamics and kinetic theory, as well as educators looking for practical examples of gas behavior in low-density conditions.

pdonovan
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Homework Statement


Interstellar space, far from any stars, is filled with a very low density of hydrogen atoms (H, not ). The number density is about and the temperature is about 3 K.

What is the edge length L of an LxLxL cube of gas with 1.0 J of thermal energy?

I found:
P = 4.14x10-17Pa
Vrms = 273m/s


Homework Equations



Eth = 3NKbT = 3nRT = 3pV

The Attempt at a Solution



Eth = 1J

Eth = 3pV = 3(4.14x10-17)V
--> V = 8.05x1015

Is this the correct answer or is my math wrong somewhere? Thank you for any input!
 
Physics news on Phys.org
The average kinetic energy of an atom in a gas at temperature T is,

E = 3/2kT

k = 1.38E-23 J/K
T = 3 degrees K

E = 6.21E-23 J

If the density of atoms was 1/m^3 then X*6.21E-23 J = 1 J ?

X=1.61E22 atoms in 1.61E22m^3 of space. The cube root of 1.61E22m^3 = 2.52E7 m = L ?
 

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