How can I properly wire a variac to control the speed of a 240v fan?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the proper wiring of a variac to control the speed of a 240V fan, specifically addressing the compatibility of different motor types with variacs. Participants explore the implications of using a variac with various motor configurations and the potential limitations involved.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant seeks guidance on wiring a variac to control a 240V fan.
  • Another participant questions the type of motor used in the fan, suggesting that it may not be compatible with a variac.
  • A participant identifies the fan as a Ruck 6" model with specific power and voltage ratings.
  • Concerns are raised about the compatibility of non-universal motors with variacs, particularly regarding AC induction motors.
  • One participant asserts that AC induction motors can work with variacs, sharing their experience from a manufacturer context, but notes potential inefficiencies and heating issues.
  • Another participant counters that AC induction motors do not regulate speed well when using reduced voltage, emphasizing that they draw more current and heat up under such conditions.
  • A participant discusses the characteristics of small fan motors, indicating that many are shaded pole motors, which allow some speed control but have low efficiency and starting torque.
  • It is suggested that the Ruck motor is likely not a shaded pole motor, leading to a recommendation against using it with a variac due to potential overheating and exceeding ratings.
  • A participant clarifies their earlier statement about AC induction motors and voltage regulation, acknowledging potential misinterpretation.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the compatibility of various motor types with variacs, particularly regarding AC induction motors and shaded pole motors. The discussion remains unresolved, with no consensus on the best approach for using a variac with the specified fan motor.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight the importance of understanding motor types and their operational characteristics when considering speed control methods. There are unresolved questions about the specific motor type in the Ruck fan and its suitability for variac use.

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anyone point me in the right way to wire this variac up correctly...i'm wanting to control the speed of a fan running at 240v
 

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What type of motor does the fan use? You may not be able to it at all.
 


howdy Averagesupernova

its a ruck fan 6"
power 95w
voltage 230v
amp 0.45
 


If it is not a universal motor capable of running on DC it will not work.
 


Averagesupernova said:
If it is not a universal motor capable of running on DC it will not work.

AC induction motors will work just fine with variacs. I know this for a fact because I once worked for a manufacturer of AC induction motors. We used variacs all the time for powering and testing the motors.

Connect incoming power to terminals 2 and 5. Connect the motor to terminals 2 and 3.

Edit:
AC induction motors do not speed regulate very well without a variable frequency drive. Depending on the motor, it may be possible to get some speed regulation, but it will be inefficient and the motor may get hot.
 
Last edited:


TurtleMeister said:
Edit:
AC induction motors do not speed regulate very well without a variable frequency drive. Depending on the motor, it may be possible to get some speed regulation, but it will be inefficient and the motor may get hot.

No way. A huge advantage of AC induction motors is that they regulate speed quite well at a set line frequency. Any induction motor I have seen that is run at line frequency (60 hertz) and reduced voltage will draw more current and heat up. The motors I have experience with a multiple horsepower, not a fractions of fractions like a small fan motor.
 


Most small fan motors are shaded pole motors. They have the disadvantage of low starting torque and very low efficiency, even at their designed operating voltage. But they also have the advantage of allowing some speed control below the synchronous speed. There normal operating speed is around 10% below synchronous.

The best I can tell from my google searching, the Ruck 6" motor is NOT a shaded pole motor. Therefore, I would not recommend using it with the variac as a speed control. Doing so would probably exceed the ratings of your variac and cause your motor to run hot.

Edit:
Averagesupernova, when I said ac induction motors do not speed regulate very well, I was referring to the fact that it is difficult to regulate the speed by varying the voltage. I can see how the sentence could be misinterpreted. Poor wording.
 
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