How do I know what the internal resistance of a battery is in a diagram?

AI Thread Summary
To determine the internal resistance of a battery in a circuit diagram, it is conventionally represented by a resistor labeled "r" adjacent to the battery. The terminal voltage can be calculated using the formula V = IR, where V is the battery voltage minus the voltage drop across the internal resistance. Understanding that the 1 ohm resistor next to the battery signifies internal resistance is crucial for solving related problems. This labeling is a standard practice in circuit diagrams. Recognizing these conventions simplifies the analysis of battery performance in electrical circuits.
chiddler
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Homework Statement


I am trying to find terminal voltage of the batteries in the circuit shown.

Homework Equations



V = IR

The Attempt at a Solution



The solution manual says that it's the battery voltage, v, minus the voltage drawn from the resistance v = I * R. I understand this.

I do not understand how I'm supposed to know that the 1 ohm resistor adjacent to each battery corresponds to the battery's internal resistance. I would very much appreciate help with this. Thank you!
 

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It's labeled with "r". There's no rhyme or reason to this; it's just convention that whenever you see a resistor labeled "r" beside a battery, you should assume that it's internal resistance.
 

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