How does temperature affect the average velocity of particles in a gas?

And even though the temperature has doubled, the average velocity may not necessarily double as well.
  • #1
Runaway
48
0

Homework Statement



A sample of an ideal gas is in a tank of constant volume. The sample absorbs heat energy so that its temperature changes from
304 K to 608 K.
If v1 is the average speed of the gas
molecules before the absorption of heat and
v2 their average speed after the absorption of
heat, what is the ratio
v2/v1 ?

Homework Equations


PV=nRT

The Attempt at a Solution


I thought that the answer would be 2 because temperature is in effect the average velocity of the molecules in the gas, and the temperature doubles, so therefore the average velocity would double making V2/V1=2 but the online assignment said that answer was wrong
 
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  • #2
Runaway said:

The Attempt at a Solution


I thought that the answer would be 2 because temperature is in effect the average velocity of the molecules in the gas,

Why do you think so? How much is the average velocity of the molecules in the gas ?

ehild
 
  • #3
It may help to know that temperature is proportional to the kinetic energy of the molecules, not directly proportional to velocity.
 

1. How does an increase in temperature affect the average velocity of particles in a gas?

As temperature increases, the average velocity of particles in a gas also increases. This is because higher temperatures provide more energy to the particles, causing them to move faster and collide with each other more frequently.

2. How does a decrease in temperature affect the average velocity of particles in a gas?

Conversely, when temperature decreases, the average velocity of particles in a gas decreases as well. This is because lower temperatures mean less energy available to the particles, resulting in slower movement and fewer collisions.

3. Is there a direct relationship between temperature and average velocity of gas particles?

Yes, there is a direct relationship between temperature and average velocity of gas particles. As temperature increases, the average velocity also increases, and as temperature decreases, the average velocity decreases.

4. How does the mass of gas particles affect their average velocity at a given temperature?

At a given temperature, the average velocity of gas particles is not affected by their mass. This is because the kinetic energy of gas particles is determined by temperature, not mass.

5. Can temperature affect the average velocity of particles in a gas without changing the pressure or volume?

No, temperature cannot affect the average velocity of particles in a gas without changing either the pressure or volume. This is because temperature, pressure, and volume are all interrelated in the ideal gas law, and changes in one variable will cause changes in the others.

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