To determine the direction of flow inside a pipe, non-invasive flow monitors using the Doppler effect can be effective, as they measure frequency changes in ultrasound reflected off the fluid. If such a device is unavailable, observing pressure drops along the pipe can indicate flow direction, as pressure typically decreases further from the source. Additionally, creating a small obstruction can generate turbulence, allowing for pressure differential measurements to infer flow direction. Practical methods may vary, but these concepts provide a starting point for understanding fluid dynamics in pipes. Exploring these techniques can enhance knowledge of hydraulic systems.
