Integration by parts, help me understand why the integration limits changed.

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SUMMARY

The discussion clarifies the process of changing integration limits during substitution in calculus, specifically in problem 5.6 #27 from the Stewart Calculus 3rd Edition textbook. The substitution made was x = θ², leading to dx = 2θ dθ. The original integration limits, θ = √(π/2) to θ = √π, transformed to x = π/2 to x = π after applying the substitution, as squaring the limits removes the square root. This understanding is crucial for correctly performing variable substitutions in integrals.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of basic calculus concepts, particularly integration.
  • Familiarity with substitution methods in integration.
  • Knowledge of the relationship between variables in integrals.
  • Experience with the Stewart Calculus textbook, specifically the 3rd Edition.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the concept of variable substitution in integrals in more depth.
  • Practice additional problems from the Stewart Calculus textbook focusing on integration techniques.
  • Learn about the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus and its application to definite integrals.
  • Explore advanced integration techniques, such as integration by parts and trigonometric substitution.
USEFUL FOR

Students studying calculus, particularly those working through integration problems and seeking to understand substitution methods. This discussion is beneficial for anyone using the Stewart Calculus textbook and needing clarification on changing integration limits.

truman
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Homework Statement


I am doing self-study. I am on problem 5.6 #27 in the Stewart text 3rd E.

I don't understand why the integration limits changed after the given substitution.

The given substitution was:

x=θ^2 dx=2θdθ

Homework Equations


Please see attachment.


The Attempt at a Solution



I understand the substitution, and how theta sq became 2theta d theta. What I don't understand is, why when the x was substituted, the integration limits changed from a square root to no square root.
 

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The original limits of integration are from [itex]\theta= \sqrt{\pi/2}[/itex] to [itex]\theta= \sqrt{\pi}[/itex]. With [itex]x= \theta^2[/itex] they become [itex]x= (\sqrt{\pi/2})^2= \pi/2[/itex] and [itex]x= (\sqrt{\pi})^2= \pi[/itex].
 
Yes, I see. You have to substitute in the variable and then it's squared, removing the square root sign.

Brain fart. Thank you!
 

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