Mechanical properties of solids questions

AI Thread Summary
Intermolecular forces are characterized as short-range, as their effects diminish significantly at larger distances, despite some attraction persisting even at infinity. The discussion highlights that the nature of these forces is distance-dependent, invalidating the notions of purely attractive or repulsive forces. Additionally, it addresses the relationship between kinetic and potential energy in solids, asserting that the kinetic energy of molecules is lower than their potential energy. This principle applies to solids due to the close packing of molecules and their limited movement. Overall, the conversation focuses on clarifying the nature and implications of intermolecular forces and energy states in solids.
Mandavi
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Homework Statement


Intermolecular forces are
1- Attractive only
2-Repulsive only
3-Long-range
4-Short-range


Homework Equations


The 1st and 2nd options are not valid as the nature depends on the distance between the molecules.


The Attempt at a Solution


The answer given is short-range.How is that?Even,at infinity,the force does not become zero as even then,attractive forces should act.Or is it so,because intermolecular distances are measured on a very small scale and therefore,they are not valid for long distances?
 
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This is another question from the same topic.
"In a solid,the kinetic energy of molecules is less than the magnitude of their potential energy."
How did we come to this conclusion?I know it is true for an atom,but why do we say this for molecules of a solid too?
 

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