Orbit Collision: Find New Earth Orbit Axes (A,B) in Terms of R

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the new semi-major and semi-minor axes of Earth's orbit after a hypothetical collision with Halley's comet, which increases Earth's speed by 12%. The conservation of angular momentum is applied, leading to the conclusion that the semi-minor axis remains equal to the Earth-Sun distance (R). The participant questions whether the semi-major axis can be expressed as the difference between R and the distance from the new orbit's origin to the focus, indicating a shift in the orbit's characteristics due to the collision.

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  • Understanding of angular momentum (L = mvr)
  • Familiarity with gravitational force equations (F = GMm/r^2)
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  • Basic principles of conservation laws in physics
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Homework Statement


If Halley's comet hits the Earth head on and after the collision the Earth continues to move in its initial direction but with 12% greater speed, find the new semi-major and semi-minor axes on the new Earth orbit in terms of the earth-sun distance (R) for the present circular orbit of the earth.


Homework Equations


F=ma
F=GMm/r^2


The Attempt at a Solution

 
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Remember that the Earth's angular momentum is conserved through its orbit.
L = mvr

And consider that, since the Earth's new velocity is in the same direction as before, it would go back to R for its semi-minor axis, due to the fact that the new velocity is in a single coordinate only, and it therefore has no force pushing it tangentially from its original path - it only moves tangential relative to it's old path as it diverges from it due to higher speed.
 
I don't necessarily agree with R remaining as the semi-minor axis because the origin of orbit(now an ellipse) isn't at the previous focus (being the sun). However, could R be given by a-c=R or (semi-major axis)-(distance from origin to focus)=R ?
 

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