Science and engineering math: Difference equation, non-homogeneous

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around solving a non-homogeneous difference equation of the form an+2 - 5an+1 + 6an = 4n, with initial conditions a0 = 0 and a1 = 1. Participants explore methods for finding both the homogeneous and particular solutions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Mathematical reasoning, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the homogeneous solution by substituting an = Arn and finding characteristic roots. There is uncertainty about how to proceed with the non-homogeneous part, with attempts to use a particular solution of the form an = B*4n. Questions arise regarding the correctness of the proposed solutions and the application of initial conditions.

Discussion Status

Several participants have contributed their thoughts on the problem, with some suggesting different forms for the general solution. There is a recognition that finding the constant A is necessary to satisfy the initial conditions, but no consensus has been reached on the correct approach or final solution.

Contextual Notes

Participants note the challenge of determining the particular solution and how it interacts with the initial conditions provided. There is mention of alternative methods, such as using generating functions, but these suggestions have not been fully explored in the discussion.

chatterbug219
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Homework Statement



Solve the difference equation: an+2 - 5an+1 + 6an = 4n
Subject to a0 = 0 & a1 = 1

Homework Equations



an = Arn

The Attempt at a Solution


I got two solutions for the first part for when it is homogeneous by substituting an = Arn into the equation and solving for r.
an = A(3)n
an = A(2)n

I just don't know where to start for non-homogeneous. I tried an = B*4n and I got B*4n+2 -5B*4n+1 + 6B*4n = 4n but I don't know where to go from there.
 
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welcome to pf!

hi chatterbug219! welcome to pf! :smile:
chatterbug219 said:
I tried an = B*4n and I got B*4n+2 -5B*4n+1 + 6B*4n = 4n but I don't know where to go from there.

erm :redface:

4n+2/4n = … ? :wink:
 
So B = 1/2
And plugging that in...
an = (1/2)(4n) for the particular solution
Making the general solution:
an = A(2)n + (1/2)(4n)
Right?
 
hi chatterbug219! :smile:

(just got up :zzz:)
chatterbug219 said:
… Making the general solution:
an = A(2)n + (1/2)(4n)
Right?

you mean an = A(2)n + B(3)n + (1/2)(4n) :wink:

(or you could write it 2n(2n-1 + A) + 3nB )
 
No...if you plug in the initial conditions they final answers don't match up...
Only 2 works
 
yes, but to solve for the initial condition, you also need to find A
 
chatterbug219 said:

Homework Statement



Solve the difference equation: an+2 - 5an+1 + 6an = 4n
Subject to a0 = 0 & a1 = 1

Homework Equations



an = Arn

The Attempt at a Solution


I got two solutions for the first part for when it is homogeneous by substituting an = Arn into the equation and solving for r.
an = A(3)n
an = A(2)n

I just don't know where to start for non-homogeneous. I tried an = B*4n and I got B*4n+2 -5B*4n+1 + 6B*4n = 4n but I don't know where to go from there.

The simplest way is to determine the generating function [itex]A(z) = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} a_n z^n[/itex], then invert it to find [itex]\{ a_n \}.[/itex] Google "difference equations" to see hundreds of examples.

RGV
 

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