Simple bug on uniform rod rotational momentum problem

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on a rotational momentum problem involving a bug and a uniform rod. A 10.0-g bug jumps off a 60.0-g rod, 90 cm in length, with a speed of 25.0 cm/s. The user calculated the linear momentum of the bug and attempted to relate it to the angular momentum of the rod using the equation L = Iw, where I is the moment of inertia calculated as I = (1/3)MR^2. The user derived an angular velocity of w = 0.154 rad/s but encountered discrepancies in the expected results, indicating a misunderstanding of the relationship between linear and angular momentum.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of linear momentum (P = mv)
  • Knowledge of angular momentum (L = Iw)
  • Familiarity with moment of inertia for a rod (I = (1/3)MR^2)
  • Concept of perpendicular distance in rotational dynamics
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the relationship between linear momentum and angular momentum in rotational systems
  • Study the concept of moment arms and their impact on angular momentum calculations
  • Explore examples of rotational dynamics involving multiple objects
  • Practice problems involving conservation of angular momentum in different scenarios
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and rotational dynamics, as well as educators seeking to clarify concepts of momentum and inertia in practical applications.

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Homework Statement



A small 10.0-g bug stands at one end of a thin uniform bar that is initially at rest on a smooth horizontal table. The other end of the bar pivots about a nail driven into the table and can rotate freely, without friction. The bar has mass 60.0g and is 90cm in length. The bug jumps off in the horizontal direction, perpendicular to the bar, with a speed of 25.0cm/s relative to the table.

Homework Equations



L = Iw
P = mv

The Attempt at a Solution



I calculated the linear momentum of the bug: p=0.01(.25) = 0.0025

I then set that equal to the momentum of the rod: 0.0025 = Iw. The moment of inertia for the rod is I=(1/3)MR^2. Therefore I = (1/3)(0.06)(0.9)^2 = 0.0162.

0.0025 = (0.0162)w. Solve for w. I get w = 0.154 rad/s. I have tried both positive and negative values for w and neither are correct. What am I doing wrong? This is for Mastering Physics, so the values are a little bit different from the textbook. However, when I plugged in textbook values, I get the same answer as the answer in the back of the book, so my method doesn't seem to be wrong...
 
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You need the relationship for the angular momentum of an object of mass m and velocity v moving on a straight line at a perpendicular distance D from a reference point. Since L = r x p , the magnitude of this angular momentum is L = rmv sin(theta) . We can regroup this into L = mv · [ r sin(theta) ] . If we measure the moment arm r from the reference point for rotation to the object anywhere along its straight line of travel, and measure the angle theta between that moment arm's vector and the velocity vector, we find that it produces a constant [ r sin(theta) ] = D , with D being the perpendicular distance from the reference point to the line of travel.

Since the bug leapt from on a line of travel perpendicular to the bar, the perpendicular distance from the rotation axis to the line of travel is just the length of the bar, or D = R . So the angular momentum of the bug after the leap is L = mvR . The bug and bar were initially at rest, so the bar will "recoil" with an angular momentum in the opposite direction but also with magnitude L = mvR .

So you want to set mvR = (1/3)MR2w for the bar.
 

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