The equation x = 1/2gt^2 + v0t + x0 is a kinematics formula that describes the displacement (x) of an object under constant acceleration (g) over time (t), starting from an initial position (x0) and initial velocity (v0). The variable "g" represents the acceleration due to gravity, typically -9.8 m/s^2 near Earth's surface, though it can vary slightly based on location and altitude. While "g" remains constant in a given location, it can differ on other planets or at significant heights. The equation is primarily used for solving physics problems involving motion under gravity. Understanding this equation is essential for analyzing the behavior of objects in free fall or projectile motion.