What is the internal and external quantum numbers of a atom

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion clarifies the concepts of internal and external quantum numbers of an atom, particularly in the context of atomic interactions with photons. External quantum numbers pertain to influences from external fields, such as those from solid lattices or ion traps, which can introduce additional quantized states like phonons. Internal quantum numbers include properties intrinsic to the atom, such as principal quantum number, angular momentum, and spin. The simplification mentioned in the book refers to neglecting these external influences for ease of understanding.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics principles
  • Familiarity with atomic structure and quantum numbers
  • Knowledge of phonons and their role in solid-state physics
  • Basic concepts of external potentials in quantum systems
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the role of external quantum numbers in solid-state physics
  • Study the quantization of vibrational modes in lattice structures
  • Explore the significance of principal and angular momentum quantum numbers
  • Learn about ion traps and their applications in quantum computing
USEFUL FOR

Students and researchers in quantum mechanics, physicists studying atomic interactions, and anyone interested in the foundational concepts of quantum numbers in atomic theory.

Robert_G
Messages
36
Reaction score
0
I am reading a book about the interaction between atom and photon. I don't understand the following statement:

"for the sake of simplicity, we assume the atom to be infinitely heavy and disregard the external quantum numbers"

Q: what is the external (or internal) quantum number of an atom.
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
Since it's just one sentence out of context I guess a bit, but I think what they mean by external quantum numbers is outside things/fields that affect the atom. For example, for atom trapped in an external potential, like the lattice of a solid or the trapping fields of an ion trap, there are additional external quantum numbers related to the trapping potential. The atom can for example vibrate in the potential and this vibration is quantized into phonons. I assume the sentence means they ignore those external effects.

Internal quantum numbers should then be everything related to the atom itself, i.e. principal, angular momentum, spin etc.
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: 1 person

Similar threads

  • · Replies 0 ·
Replies
0
Views
1K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
3K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
5K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
4K
  • · Replies 18 ·
Replies
18
Views
3K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K