Comparing Strengths of Bases: OH- vs. Forming OH- in Water

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In summary, the question is asking which of the two groups of bases, one that contains OH- and one that forces water to form OH-, are stronger and weaker bases. The answer lies in the extent of ionization in water, with metal hydroxides like sodium and potassium hydroxide having a high extent of ionization, while compounds like ammonia must first hydrolyze with water to form ammonium hydroxide, which then ionizes to a lesser extent. Conductivity and the neutralization reaction with water can also be used as an indicator of strength. Additional information can be found through internet research and references such as ref1 and ref2.
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Homework Statement


There are two groups of bases, one that contains OH- (example : NaOH), and one that forces water to form OH- (example: NH3). Which of these are the stronger bases? Which are the weaker bases? Why?


Ok so our class just started learning about acids and bases. I've read the pages on the textbook regarding bases and i can't seem to find the answer or any kind of evidence.
Could somebody give me a hint on this question please?:blushing:
is it related to conductivity?
 
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  • #2
A base renders hydroxide ion in water (assuming solutions in water as the solvent). Metal hydroxides such as of potassium or sodium (or cesium ? ) ionize in order to supply the hydroxide; at least for sodium and potassium hydroxides, the compounds ionize in water to great extent. Something like ammonia must HYDROLYZE with water to render ammonium hydroxide. Then the ammonium hydroxide will ionize.

Maybe there is another way to describe that with ammonia. Ammonia, a base, reacts with water, which behaving as an acid. The result is ammonium hdroxide, which now can ionize in water. This makes me wonder, how thoroughly does the ammonia react with the water as a neutralization reaction? Is dissolved ammonia present more as ammonia or more as ammonium hydroxide?
 
  • #3
So the amount of ionization of the compound should give you a clue.
Have you searched the internet for more information?
Here are a couple or references found using key words "strong base" "weak base"

ref1
ref2
 

Related to Comparing Strengths of Bases: OH- vs. Forming OH- in Water

1. What does it mean for a base to be "strong"?

A strong base is one that completely dissociates in water, releasing a high concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) and resulting in a high alkaline pH. This is in contrast to a weak base, which only partially dissociates and has a lower pH.

2. How do you determine the strength of a base?

The strength of a base can be determined by measuring its pH using a pH meter or indicator solution. A higher pH indicates a stronger base, while a lower pH indicates a weaker base.

3. Are all bases equally strong?

No, not all bases are equally strong. The strength of a base depends on its chemical structure and the extent to which it dissociates in water. For example, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base, while ammonia (NH3) is a weak base.

4. Can a strong base be dangerous?

Yes, a strong base can be dangerous if not handled properly. It can cause chemical burns and skin irritation, and can also be corrosive to certain materials. It is important to use proper safety precautions when handling strong bases.

5. How do strong bases compare to strong acids?

Strong bases and strong acids are both highly reactive and can cause damage to living tissues. However, strong bases have a higher pH and are typically more caustic than strong acids. This is because strong acids release a high concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in water, while strong bases release a high concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-).

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