Why Do Aluminum Sheets and Extrusions Have Different Mechanical Properties?

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The mechanical properties of aluminum differ between sheets and extrusions due to variations in fabrication methods, such as cold rolling and thermomechanical processing. These methods influence the metallurgical state of the material, affecting its strength and ductility. Additionally, the specific alloy and temper play significant roles in determining these properties. Specifications for aluminum products often reference the AMS spec number, which details the fabrication process used. Understanding these factors is crucial for selecting the appropriate aluminum form for specific applications.
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I have noticed that the mechanical properties of aluminum vary depending on if it is provided as sheets or extrusion. Do you know why?
 
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The material properties are dependent not only on alloy and temper, but also on fabrication method (cold rolled?). In any spec that calls out the sheet, plate, strip or other form of the test specimen, they also call out the AMS spec number that outlines the way that piece was fabricated.
 
Fabrication method = thermomechanical processing, as in hot-rolled vs cold-rolled, repeated cycles of cold-work/anneal, etc.

Rolling produces a different metallurgical state than extrusion.
 

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