Heat equation Definition and 257 Threads

With a quick online search I see that most sources state that the boundary condition at the interface of two materials in contact having contact resistance is -ksub1*u'sub1 = -ksub2*u'sub2 =q usub1 - usub2 = R*q I've tried to produce a solution consisting of two equations, each describing the...

I am quite confused. I know about the continuity equation, for instance ##\frac{\partial \rho}{\partial t}+\nabla\cdot \vec J = \sigma##. In steady state, ##\frac{\partial \rho}{\partial t}=0## which implies ##\nabla\cdot \vec J = \sigma##. In words, the divergence of the vector field ##\vec J##...

TL;DR Summary: Solve heat equation in a disc using fourier transforms Carbon dioxide dissolves in the blood plasma but is not absorbed by red blood cells. As the blood returns to an alveolus, assume that it is well-mixed so that the concentration of dissolved CO2 is uniform across a...

Imagine you have a plane wall with constant thermal conductivity, that is the intermediate between two thermal reservoirs: The reservoir on the left is being kept at temp ##T_s##, and it is a fluid that has very high convective coefficient ##h##. As a result, the boundary condition at the...

Would method of separation of variables lead to a solution to the following PDE? $$ \frac{1}{r} \frac{ \partial}{\partial r} \left( kr \frac{ \partial T}{ \partial r}\right) = \rho c_p \frac{\partial T }{ \partial t }$$ This would be for the transient conduction of a hollow cylinder, of wall...

I am going through these notes...they are pretty easy to follow. I would like more insight on the initial condition. In this problem, (attachment below), i guess the choice of initial condition is convenient as its easier to plug in the values of ##n=2## and ##b=3## (highlighted on the...

I am doing a project, actually it is a simulation. And we aim to determine the spatial and heat flux evolution of the system. The system consists of two concentric cylinders separated by an insulating material. I change the value of kappa of the insulator but the heat flux remains always the...

how to show or prove that the shape of the solution of a heat equation can only go smoother and smoother but not the opposite as time increases?

I have checked several textbooks about the heat equation in a rectangle and I have found none that deals with my exact problem. I have though to use separation of variables first (to no avail), then Green's function (to no avail), then simplifying the problem for example by defining a new...

Given a 1D heat equation on the entire real line, with initial condition ##u(x, 0) = f(x)##. The general solution to this is: $$ u(x, t) = \int \phi(x-y, t)f(y)dy $$ where ##\phi(x, t)## is the heat kernel. The integral looks a lot similar to using Green's function to solve differential...

We know $$ K(x,t) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{4\pi t}}\exp(-\frac{x^2}{4t}) $$ is a solution to the heat equation: $$ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t} = \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial x^2} $$ I would like to ask how to prove: $$ u(x,t) = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} K(x-y,t)f(y)dy $$ is also the solution to...

I want to solve the heat equation numerically. The equation is: $$k \dfrac{\partial^2 T}{\partial x^2} = \dfrac{\partial T}{\partial t}.$$ This is a parabolic PDE. Following this pdf (specifically, equation 7 given on page 3), I wrote the following Python function to implement the explicit...

I've tried to explicitly solve the Fourier's equation in cylindrical coordinates but I'm getting some messy integrals which cannot be solved analytically. Additionally my instructor said that there's a neat trick for this problem and it's possible to obtain the answer in a rather elementary...

I spent hours looking at this and cannot figure out where the error is. I'm wondering if there is an error before the boxed expression. @Orodruin and @PeroK may I ask for your assistance?Consider a solution ##u:[0,\infty)\times \mathbb{R}^n\rightarrow \mathbb{R}## of the heat equation, ie...

(3) To solve the initial value problem $$\begin{cases} \partial_t\phi-\partial^2_x\phi=0 & \text{in}\quad (0,\infty)\times R \\ \phi(0,\cdot)=\psi & \text{on}\quad \{t=0\}\times R \end{cases}$$ we use the fundamental solution in 1D $$\Phi_1(t,x)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{4\pi...

This is from Evans page 50. I'm sure it's something simple, but I don't follow the change from $$ \frac{\partial}{\partial t} \quad \text{to} \quad -\frac{\partial}{\partial s}$$ and from $$ \Delta_x \quad \text{to} \quad \Delta_y$$. \begin{gather*} \begin{split} u_t(x,t) - \Delta u(x,t) & =...

I want to solve the heat equation below: I don't understand where the expression for ##2/R\cdot\int_0^R q\cdot sin(k_nr)\cdot r \, dr## came from. The r dependent function is calculated as ##sin(k_nr)/r## not ##sin(k_nr)\cdot r##. I don't even know if ##sin(k_nr)/r## are orthogonal for...

I'm solving the heat equation on a ring of radius ##R##. The ring is parameterised by ##s##, the arc-length from the 3 o'clock position. Using separation of variables I have found the general solution to be: $$U(s,t) = S(s)T(t) = (A\cos(\lambda s)+B\sin(\lambda s))*\exp(-\lambda^2 kt)$$...

First of all, I didn't know whether to pick this subforum or the engineering/compsci one, I understand this might need to be moved to a more appropriate subforum. The general approach is fairly obvious, use implicit method to construct the tridiagonal matrix for Thomas method and solve. However...

I am seeing the heat conduction differential equation, and I was wondering about a boundary condition when the equation is of transient (unsteady) nature. When analyzing boundary conditions at the surface of say, a sphere, the temperature does not depend on time. For example, if you have...

Hi, I am solving the radially symmetric heat equation with an internal heat source(this is meant to model the heating of a cylindrical battery). It's meant to model heat in a cylinder with conduction to the environment, so my outer boundary condition is Newton's law of cooling. The $T$ in the...

Hello guys. I am studying the heat equation in polar coordinates $$ u_t=k(u_{rr}+\frac{1}{r}u_r+\frac{1}{r^2}u_{\theta\theta}) $$ via separation of variables. $$u(r,\theta,t)=T(t)R(r)\Theta(\theta)$$ which gives the ODEs $$T''+k \lambda^2 T=0$$ $$r^2R''+rR+(\lambda^2 r^2-\mu^2)R=0$$...

Hi, I am looking for the solution of the following heat conduction problem (see figure below): the geometry is the semi-infinite domain such that (x,y)∈R2 and z∈[0,∞[ ; the thermal diffusivity is constant; the domain is initially at a temperature of 0; At t>0, a small square of the surface...

Both the heat equation and the diffusion equation describe processes which are irreversible, because the equations have an odd time derivative. But how can these equations describe the real world when we know that all processes in nature are reversible, information is always conserved? But these...

$$\frac{\partial T}{\partial t}=\alpha\frac{\partial^2 T}{\partial^2 t}$$ with an initial condition and boundary conditions $$T(x,0)=T_0$$ $$T(L,t)=T_0$$ $$-k\left.\frac{\partial T}{\partial x}\right|_{x=0}=2A\cos^2\left(\frac{\omega t}{2}\right)=A(\cos\omega t+1)$$ where $A=V_0^2/(8RhL)$...

I’ve attached an image of a solved problem related to the heat equation. Can somebody explain the -c + 3d = 0 comes from? I’m having trouble following the work shown.

Hello! (Wave) Let $\phi \in C^1(\mathbb{R})$ and periodic. We consider the problem $u_t=u_{xx}, x \in \mathbb{R}, \ 0<t<\infty$, with initial data $\phi$. I want to compute a formula for a solution $u$ and I want to prove strictly that this formula solves the initial value problem. I also...

Phonons on their own lead to the common heat equation. One sees that for example in insulators or non doped semiconductors. However in metals (or conductors), the electrons are the ones that are mostly responsible for the heat transfer, which extremely surprisingly to me, is also of the form of...

I wish to numerically compute solutions of the 1D heat equation using the Crank-Nicholson scheme: The equation is: \partial_{t}u=\partial^{2}_{x}u I use the discretisation: u_{i+1,j}-u_{i,j}=s(u_{i+1,j+1}-2u_{i+1,j}+u_{i+1,j-1})+s(u_{i+1,j+1}-2u_{i+1,j}+u_{i+1,j-1}) Where s=\delta...

I have seen how to solve the heat equation: $$ \frac{ \partial^2 u(x,t) }{\partial x^2} = k^2 \frac{ \partial u(x,t) }{\partial t} $$ With boundary conditions. I use separation variables to find the result, but i don't know how to solve the equation plus a...

Hi everyone, I'm reading this paper about the solution of the heat equation inside an infinite domain: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-303-linear-partial-differential-equations-fall-2006/lecture-notes/fourtran.pdf 1) Please let me know if the following discussion is correct. The...

Homework Statement A stainless-steel wire is 0.1 mm in diameter and 1 m long. If the outside of the wire is held fixed at 20◦C, estimate the steady-state current passing through the wire when the stainless steel at the centre of the wire begins to melt.Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a...

Homework Statement show ## \rho c_m \frac{\partial T}{\partial t} = \kappa \frac{\partial^2T}{\partial x^2} -\frac{2}{a}R(T)## where ##R(T)=A(T-T_0) ## a) Obtain an expression for T as a function of x for the case of an infinitely long rod whose hot end has temperature ##T_m## b) Show that the...

I am trying to write code for analytical solution of 1D heat conduction equation in semi-infinite rod. The analytical solution is given by Carslaw and Jaeger 1959 (p305) as $$ h(x,t) = \Delta H .erfc( \frac{x}{2 \sqrt[]{vt} } ) $$ where x is distance, v is diffusivity (material property) and t...

The solution of 1D diffusion equation on a half line (semi infinite) can be found with the help of Fourier Cosine Transform. Equation 3 is the https://ibb.co/ctF8Fw figure is the solution of 1D diffusion equation (eq:1). I want to write a code for this equation in MATLAB/Python but I don't...

Hello, I am attempting to solve the 1 d heat equation using separation of variables. 1d heat equation: ##\frac{\partial T}{\partial t} = \alpha \frac{\partial^2 T}{\partial x^2}## I used the standard separation of variables to get a solution. Without including boundary conditions right now...

Homework Statement I have the heat equation $$u_t=u_{xx}$$ $$u(0,t)=0$$ $$u(1,t) = \cos(\omega t)$$ $$u(x,0)=f(x)$$ Find the stable state solution. The Attempt at a Solution I used a transformation to complex to solve this problem, and then I can just take the real part to the complex...

Homework Statement Modify the initial conditions (for the diffusion equation of a circle) to have the initial conditions ## g(\theta)= \sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty}d_{n}e^{2\pi in\theta} ## Using the method of Green's functions, and ## S(\theta,t)= \frac{1}{\sqrt{4\pi...

##\displaystyle \frac{\partial u(x,t)}{\partial t}-p(x) \frac{\partial^2 u(x)}{\partial x^2}-\frac{\partial p(x)}{\partial x}\frac{\partial u(x)}{\partial x}=f(x,t)##. With periodic boundary conditions: ##u(x,t)=u(x+2\pi,t)##. The right hand side is also a periodic function of space, and it can...

Homework Statement Solve the following heat Eq. using FFCT: A metal bar of length L is at constant temperature of Uo, at t=0 the end x=L is suddenly given the constant temperature U1, and the end x=0 is insulated. Assuming that the surface of the bar is insulated, find the temperature at any...

Homework Statement 1. The common form of the heat-diffusion equation governing the temperature distribution $$\rho C_p \frac{\partial T}{\partial t}=k\nabla^2T$$ Is this equation valid in any inertial frame of reference? (i.e. does it have the property of Galilean invariance?) If not, can it...

Homework Statement Find the steady state (equilibrium) solution for the following boundary value problem: ∂u/∂t = (1/2)∂2u/∂x2 Boundary condition: u(0,t) = 0 and u(1,t) = -1 Initial condition: u(x,0) = 0 Homework Equations u(x,t) = Φ(x)G(t) The Attempt at a Solution I have found the solution...

I have learned that diffusion/heat equation can be used to model groundwater flow in confined conditions. Recently I read a paper where they used linear Boussinesq equation (equation 1 in linked paper) to model groundwater flow in unconfined aquifer. Then in another paper, the auther said, he is...

Hello. How do I solve this equation without killing the k(y) term: I managed to derive an analytical solution for this one. I intend to run the numerical solution via Runge-Kutta but I can't stop myself from killing the k(y) term. I'm starting to think I'm doing something wrong... It goes...

Dear all: I am studying the finite difference method for black scholes equation(heat equation form), and my Prof. asked me to use the Crank Nicolson and Compact Scheme to do it. But I cannot reach second order for the space, i.e., x . The error only reach 1st order and sometimes not stable, it...

Homework Statement WE have a thermally insulated metallic bar (from enviroment/surroundings) . It has a temperature of 0 ºC. At t=0 two thermal sources are applied at either end, the first being -10 ºC and the second being 10 ºC. Find the equation for the temperature along the bar T(x,t), in...

This is a heat equation related math problem. 1. Homework Statement The complete question is: Verify the orthogonality integral by direct integration. It will be necessary to use the equation that defines the λ_n: κ*λ_n*cos(λ_n*a) + h*sin(λ_n*a)=0. Homework Equations κ*λ_n*cos(λ_n*a) +...

Q: Suppose ##u(x,t)## satisfies the heat equation for ##0<x<a## with the usual initial condition ##u(x,0)=f(x)##, and the temperature given to be a non-zero constant C on the surfaces ##x=0## and ##x=a##. We have BCs ##u(0,t) = u(a,t) = C.## Our standard method for finding u doesn't work here...

I have been thinking about this. For a wave equation, the acceleration of a point on a drumhead is proportional to the height of its neighbors $$U_{tt}=\alpha^2\nabla^2U$$ The heat equation, change in concentration or temperature is equal to the average of its neighbors...