Output Definition and 1000 Threads

I'm having trouble understanding the output stage of the venerable 324 op-amp. The top part of the schematic is simple enough, but I don't understand the bottom half of the output stage - is it some kind of complimentary symmetry Darlington? Thanks for any advice.

In the output charecteristics of a transistor in CE mode, according to the eqation V[SUB]CE = V[SUB]CC - I[SUB]C R[SUB]C it comes as when V[SUB]CE increases I[SUB]C decreases and vice versa. But it is only because of the reverse collector-emitter voltage, the charge carriers are attracted to...

I recently inherited some legacy code written in fortran77 which I'm going to be modifying quite a bit, and at this stage I find that I'm continually getting stuck on small fortran quirks... Just wondering if I could get some advice on this particular problem. I'm outputting the values of...

Dear friends, I would like to know how can I remove an AC signal from a signal which is combination of AC+DC. AC signal 60V/50Hz DC=50V. Please suggest me a C code or any algoritham or a filter which can remove AC signal completely and I should be able to see only DC...

Help needed... Hi firstly I am still very new to Electronics doing a home study course and need some assistance. The module I am working on at the moment has a question. Draw a circuit which could be used to produce a large output at one particular frequency? The Attempt at a...

I don't think I have done it right! Thanks In Advance! Homework Statement Water flows over a 60-m high waterfall at a rate of 2000kg every 5 seconds. What is the potential power output of the water fall? Homework Equations KE = 1/2 mV*2 V = Displacement/time P = E/t...

Homework Statement hey guys i have been undertaking a project on constructing a small scale hydro electricity generation system. I completed my project and was able to generate electricity using a turbine and a genrator, what i need to do now is find theoretical values for the electricity...

Homework Statement A blue semicon LED is connected in series with a 10ohm series resistor to a voltage source. The LED emits 4.03 x 10^16 photons/s at a wavelength of 400nm. The current flowing through the LED is 40mA and the voltage across the LED is 3.5V. Calculate the power conversion...

Homework Statement A car of mass 1100kg starts from rest at sea level and climbs a hill of altitude of 50 m. At the top of the hill the car has a speed of 25 m/s. The work produced by the engine of the car is? Homework Equations W= F(d) F= ma The Attempt at a Solution W =...

I had this problem before. But a friend of mind open up my laptop and fixed it. I was told that I could also reinstall sound drive for laptop , but don't know the procedures for reinstalling sound driver. I have already checked that whether the sound was muted , turns out it was not muted. What...

Hi, I need to get a precise linear oscillatory motion from a rotary input? Its for a compact carving tool. Any ideas on how to control the displacement? Thnks

Homework Statement Suppose your mass is 76.0 kg and you climb 40 stairs of height 18 cm in 19.0 s. What is your power output as you climb the stairs? Homework Equations Power = Work / change of time The Attempt at a Solution I need a hint on solving for the work. I tried solving for the...

What physical processes input information into and extract information out of a quantum computer? What I really want to know is: How do you get a qubit or quantum dot to take on a particular state and cause its' entangled partner to choose a state? Thank you!

So I have this code: function ApproxSinDeriv(x,n) h=.5; for i = 0:n h; approx = (1/(2*h))*(sin(x+h)-sin(x-h)); error = abs(approx-cos(x)); h = h/2; A=[i,h,approx,error] end Basically, it's a three-point formula for approximating a derivative, where the variables n = the...

I'm having problems filtering out certain frequencies from others with a series LC filter. I have a 1.923 Henry DC filter choke inductor set in series with a 0.1 micro Farad capacitor. I send the signal through the inductor to the capacitor and output from the other side of the capacitor. I'm...

Homework Statement A top fuel drag racer with a mass of 500.0 kg completes a quarter-mile (402 m) drag race in a time of 4.3 s starting from rest. The car's final speed is 115 m/s. What is the engine's average power output? Neglect friction and air resistance. Homework Equations P = W/T...

Homework Statement The sun outputs about 3.9x1026 W of power, a small fraction of which reaches the Earth’s surface. The sun provides about 100 W/m2 of power to the Earth’s surface averaged over time and weather. How much energy is deposited on average by the sun on Washington state in an...

Homework Statement Calculate the output of the op-amp as shown in the given circuit. http://img9.imageshack.us/img9/7554/184v.png (Answer=0) Homework Equations Kirchhoff's Current Rule The Attempt at a Solution By applying KCL, I1+I2=I3 V1/R1 + V2/R2 = Vo/R3 Substituing...

Inputs of a gate are 1 & 0. Identify the gate if its output is (a)0 (b)1 Attempt: (a) And Gate but NOR and XNOR gates also match the description (b)OR GATE alongwith NAND and XOR So is writing down all the gates matching the requirements of the question (technically) correct?

Hi, I'm using a version of daqacquire to acquire a sample of sound data. This program also uses daqdocfft to perform a Fourier transform, allowing me to view the frequencies that are present in my data sample. My problem is that I don't understand how the function is calculating the...

Homework Statement In a particular application, the generator output is converted to DC and used to power an immersion element for water heating. 1). Sketch the shape of the output voltage at a rotation speed of 300 rpm assuming the amplitude on each phase is 30V? The Attempt at a...

So, in my studies of math so far, we can take a certain geometry (or just any function) and analyze it, and ask questions about it. The answer that's given in all the work I've done so far is a number (or a function that will reduce to a number when solved). Now, let's say I want to do the...

Okay then :smile: Here is a piece of the code that I am using: ' Send to File MyPath = "Z:\Casey B\MathML Converter\" & "MathMLAsString.txt" fNum = FreeFile() Open MyPath For Output As fNum Print #fNum, EntireMLText Close #fNum This saves my work to a text...

Will a bridge rectifier circuit without a filter or load resistor connected across its output deliver a pulsating unidirectional voltage ? An oscilloscope trace (dc input enabled) did show a trace of a full wave output though the half sine did not swing down to zero voltage completely and...

can anyone help me with this>>> * If the input is Given by Vin = V0 cosωt, plot the output of the circuit as function of time. assume an ideal diode model. *

What i got is a permanent magnet 2 1/4HP@130v DC treadmill motor and everyone know those work awesome as generators. I've also got a 1000Watt inverter which needs an input voltage of 11 to 15 volts DC. Now if the input voltage to the inverter drops below 11 volts it sounds a low voltage warning...

I am trying to adjust the output voltage of my 12v DC adapter. Is it possible to wrap the wires of the adapter around a toroid in a closed circuit, and then wrap another wire around the toroid to have the output voltage of this wire decreased, and the current increased? Example...

I am running (a very basic) simulation of the proposed LIFE concept reactor at LLNL as part of my MSc thesis. What I hope to achieve is to calculate the fission energy gain from a fissile blanket surrounding a source of fusion neutrons (ie D-T pellet blasted by lasers) The problem summary...

Hello All, For those of you who haven been following my last two threads, I finally decided to go with the Microcontroller/DDS combination to make my three-channel sine wave generator (since I have yet to find one in existence at all that doesn't cost megabucks). I have the microcontroller...

T The question is about the concept of the operational amplifier in electronics. For an ideal op. amp., it is said that the input impedance is infiinite and the current allowed by the op.amp. through its input terminal zero or in the case of a practical op.amp., it is nearly zero or negligibly...

This post is similar to the one that I made the other day. There are two problems that I am having trouble understanding. The link is below: http://img510.imageshack.us/img510/4396/diodeproblem.jpg They are numbered 4-5 (Ignore 3) . Once again I know the predictions are correct , because I did...

Homework Statement The question is about the concept of the operational amplifier in electronics. For an ideal op. amp., it is said that the input impedance is infiinite and the current allowed by the op.amp. through its input terminal zero or in the case of a practical op.amp., it is...

The link provided shows two cases of reverse bias Diodes. From my understanding a reverse bias diode is supposed to block the voltage from reaching the output. So from the following picture wouldn't both of the outputs be 0v. I know that the answers in the diagram are correct because I did them...

i am planning to make a magnetic generator & i have a question : if i provide a disk with 12 numbers of neodymium (1x1”x1”cylinder) (n48) magnets around it , moving by motor clock wise at 1500 rpm , ( magnet specification: Br: 13.80- 14.20 KG, Hcb: > = 10.5 Koe, Hcj: > = 11 KOe ) the...

In the formula P=Tw, where T for torque(ftlbs) and w for angular velocity(rad/s), what is the unit for P(power)?

i am asking about the generators we use in house when there is a power failure(now a days people use inverters) here goes the question suppose the generator is running (max ouput is 1kw) but we are using a electric bulb(100w) is it running in its max potential or using less fuel compared to...

anyone have equations for bitter magnets? or do i use the ones for solenoids? i need an electromagnet capable of 4T. that doesn't use super conductors >_> i have access to liquid nitrogen though.

Hi, all! The camb code is available at http://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/toolbox/tb_camb_form.cfm in a web interface form. One of it's output files, named something like camb_13685314_scalcls.dat should contain the scalar C(l)'s. Can anyone tell me, what exactly is contained in...

TCS230 output problem. HELP URGENT! Hi guys, I am working on TCS230, a CMOS color sensor, so I am really confused what the problem will be. please someone. actually my sensor was working well, but the output, when i measured it in oscilloscope, its not stable, like an example. i...

hi, i want to display into IDL a mollview projection of the output fits file ('test_scalCls.fits') of CAMB program (Code for Anisotropies in the Microwave Background) but can't get it. I have IDL ASTRO, Healpix_2.11c and WMAP librairies and i tried several things: 1*/ HIDL>...

Homework Statement A battery supplies a steady current of 5.6 A for 21s. During this time 1410J of chemical energy is transformed into electric energy, but 560J of this electric energy is transformed into heat energy inside the battery. a) What is the emf of the battery? b) What is the...

Homework Statement A model Stirling engine uses n = 8.04 × 10–3 mol of gas (assumed to be ideal) as a working substance. It operates between a high temperature reservoir at TH = 98.0 °C and a low temperature reservoir at Tc = 25.0 °C. The volume of its working substance doubles during each...

The Earth has a surface temperature around 270 K and an emissivity of 0.8, while space has a temperature of around 2 K. Use Stefan's law: P(net) = 5.67×10-8 W/K4 m2 *A*e*(T4 - To4) to solve the following questions. (Radii of the Earth and the Sun are Re = 6.38×106 m, Rs = 7×108 m.) (a)...

Homework Statement 1. A wind turbine with a swept diameter of 20m and an efficiency of extracting energy from the wind of 40% is subjected to an average wind speed of 10m/s. (a) How much power might the turbine produce? Please can some one point me to the right equation as everyone I...

Hello, I am currently using a Fortran program to run a simulation which involves an explicit differentiation loop. The program currently plots simulation data at specified time intervals using a subroutine with another program. I'd like to have the program also output data files at these...

Hi, I was asked to find the relationship of output voltage of a piezoelectric film or a beam with known dimensions when it is subjected to a known frequency vibration. I appreciate if someone can help me with that. Thanks,

Hi I am struggling to answer this question: The input coupling circuit of the amplifier shown in the figure consist of an RC network, with R = 1 kW and C = 5mF fed by a sinusoidal voltage source of r.m.s. amplitude of 200 mV. Assuming that the input impedance of the amplifier is, at all...

My textbook says that the output of comparators can be "wire ORed". What does wire OReding an output mean?

Hi everyone ! I am new here. I am currently a mechanical engineering student who's doing a project involving control systems and regenerative braking. So far my system of parts include a Pressure transducer attached to a foot pedal. When the brakes are applied the pressure transducer will...

I am making a script-m file to produce results of a formula in a Matrix output. function s = calc(a, b) i = [-a: 1: a]; j = [-b: 1: b]; k = i.^2 + j.*i; A = [i' j' k'] disp('i j k'), disp(A) But, it does not consider all combination. How can I make it stop at a 'i' value so...