Polarization Definition and 613 Threads

If we assume the inner product is linear in the second argument, the polarization identity reads (x,y) = \frac 14 \| x + y \|^2 - \frac 14 \| x - y \|^2 - \frac i4 \|x + iy\|^2 + \frac i4 \| x - iy \|^2. But there is another identity that I've seen referred to in some texts as the...

Homework Statement A helium-neon laser emits a beam of unpolarized light thatpasses through three Polaroid filters, as shown in the figure . The intensity of the laser beam is I_{o}. Suppose the third filter were at an angle of 50˚, what would be the intensity at point C?Homework Equations I...

So Polarization of light has always really bugged me. Linear polarization is simple. I understand Elliptical and Circular as well; the Electric Field vector changes as the Ex and Ey(or Ex and Ez, etc) functions grow and recede, periodically. This is easy to show as the propagation of a singular...

This is to clarify Landau's treatment of polarization in his classical fields book. Say we have a monochromatic plane wave \mathbf{E}=\mathbf{E_0}e^{i(\mathbf{k} \cdot \mathbf{r} - \omega t)} and we want to make a vector \mathbf{b}=\mathbf{b_1}+i\mathbf{b_2} where...

Homework Statement As the sun rises over a still pond, an angle will be reached where its image seen on the water's surface(n=1.33) will be completely polarized in a plan parallel to the surface. i) Compute the appropriate incident angle(that is the polarization or Brewster's angle)...

anybody?

Homework Statement At T=0, what is the largest density that a gas can be completely spin polarized by a magnetic induction of 10 telsas Homework Equations μn= 10^-26 J/T mass= 5*10^-27 kg spin= 1/2 The Attempt at a Solution I am really not sure where to begin. The spin...

Please teach me this: In chapter 18.4 Peskin&Schoeder(QFT) they consider the annihilation of electron and positron to hadron.Ignoring the mass of the electron,we have: σ(e^{+}e^{-})=(1/2s)ImM(e^{+}e^{-}→e^{+}e^{-}). We have...

Hi Say I have a laser beam, which is linearly polarized. Now I let it pass through a polarization beamsplitter cube (PBS). If I orient the PBS such that the polarization of light is "parallel" to the coating/cement (nicely illustrated here...

"Frequency" of the polarization of light You often see the polarization of light represented this way: Unfortunately, the axis is seldom labeled in this type of animation. I assume the horizontal axis is meant to represent space or time. The question I have is "Does the fluctuation...

Homework Statement Hi This isn't homework, but something I've wondered about. I post it here, because it might be helpful to others. Say I am looking at the attached optical system: I have polarized light in the plane. Then it hits a lambda/4-plate, where the angle between the fast axis...

Hello everyone, I've got a quick question... Given two entangled photons, going through a polarization filter with relative angle a, what is the correlation between the two "answers" (whether the photon is blocked or let through)? I believe it's either cos(a) or cos^2(a), but I'm not sure...

When the dielectric in a capacitor polarizes does it effect the leakage current through the dielectric? Just wondering, if you had a capacitor with a lossy dielectric and you were able to polarize the dielectric would the leakage current drop? Can anyone give me any links for further...

Polarization physcs sum? Unpolarized light is incident on 2 polarizng sheets placed on top of the other...each sheet reduces the intensity of unpolarized light by 50%..wat must be the angle between the characteristic direction of sheet such tat the intnsty of transmittd light is 1/3rd of the...

I've done this experiment several times, and once upon a time I could describe exactly what is shown - but that was a while ago. I need a refresher. Take two polarizing lenses (let's keep it simple - transverse polarization), lens A and B, turn them 90 degrees to each other, they will block all...

In photon statistics, g is defined as the internal degeneracy per particle, and the text gives the example that photon have two possible polarization states in three space dimensions, thus g=2. Why is the number of possible polarization equals the internal degeneracy of the particle?

I have read about light and polarization. One thing I don't understand though... If you would look through a circular polarization filter, you notice that the light is less intense. But if you look at photons that are unpolarized; they become polarized when they go through the filter. I have...

Hi When the concept of polarization is introduced, it is usually done with plane waves, I guess because it is easy to visualize how it looks. But let's say we look at spherical waves or Gaussian waves: How does the polarization look in that case? Niles.

If I'm not mistaken, right (or left) circularly polarized light consists of photons with right-handed helicity (or left-handed). But what are the states of the photons in the (horizontally or vertically) linearly polarized light? Are all the photons in a superposition of two helicity...

Whenever there is natural light, you always assume the amplitude is 1/2 of the incident light amplitude after the first polarizer, right? http://i111.photobucket.com/albums/n149/camarolt4z28/a1.png http://i111.photobucket.com/albums/n149/camarolt4z28/IMG_20111030_161325.jpg

Not actually a homework question, this is a question from a past exam paper (second year EM and optics): Homework Statement Use a Gaussian surface and Amperian loop to derive the electrostatic boundary conditions for a polarization field P at an interface between media 1 and 2 with...

Hi I don't understand the polarization of EM waves. I have same questions about that. 1-) As you know, EM wave is consist of both electric and magnetic field/wave. And there is 90 degree between them. Is that possible to separate these two fields or waves? I mean is that rule: If there is...

what happens to the magnetic field during linear polarization and what happens exactly?

I have seen this explained but would appreciate comments as to whether I understand it correctly. #1. A vertically polarized photon hits a 1/2 wave plate set at 90 degrees will not pass through since cos(90)^2 = 0 #2. 50% of vertically polarized photons that hit a 1/2 wave plate set at...

Homework Statement Hi I am trying to solve problem 2.1 in these notes (it is on the very first page): http://qis.ucalgary.ca/quantech/673/notes/chapter_two.pdf . The problem tells me to show that the Fourier transform of P^{(2)} (t) = \varepsilon _0 \frac{1}{{(2\pi )^2 }}\int_{ - \infty...

I am working with a Laser Diode and I need to observe the intensity of the diode in TE and TM polarizations. the Diode is polarized in the horizontal axis (linear polarization). Is it sufficient to use a half wave plate and rotate it by 90 degrees to observe TE and TM modes? Also, what kind...

I'm working through the start of the Quantum Field Theory book by Peskin and Schroeder. The first section deals with an electron and positron colliding to give a positive and negative muon traveling along a line at an angle theta to the line of the e,p collision.(This is using center of mass...

Hi People usually write the (total) polarization like this P(t) = \epsilon_0(\chi^{(1)}E(t)+chi^{(2)}E(t)^2+\ldots) where χ is the susceptibility. But in my book I see they write it like this P(t) = \varepsilon _0 \frac{1}{{2\pi }}\int\limits_{ - \infty }^\infty {\chi ^{(1)}...

Recently, I read an article about spin and polarization (http://www.mathpages.com/rr/s9-04/9-04.htm) , but I don't understand how the spin operator defined, can anyone give so help? any help would be great!

Let's say I have an equation E=iE0cos(kz-wt)-jE0cos(kz-wt), how do I look at this and know, this is linearly polarized? or what if it changes and the kz is negative? or its a sin function with with (wt-kz-pi/4) in it. I just don't understand what this equation is supposed to be telling me and...

a certain bifringement material has indexes of refraction n1 and n2 for the two perpendicular components of linearly polarized light passing through it. the corresponding wavelengths are λ1=λ0/n1 and λ2=λ0/n2, where λ0 is wavelength in vacuum. If crystal is to function as a quarter-wave plate...

Homework Statement show that minimum thickness of quarter wave plate is d=\lambda0/4(n1-n2 Homework Equations \lambda1=\lambda0/n1 \lambda2=\lambda0/n2 The Attempt at a Solution for quater wave plates wavelengths must differ by 1/4 i can see its simple but i just can't see what...

This one article mention such strange issue as monopole polarization in highly asymmetric crystals. (I did not read entire article). I always thought that polarization could be only dipolar because you need to get charge separation.How monopole thing could exist in a crystal?

Homework Statement The polarization of a light wave is described by two complex parameters. \lambda = cos\Thetae^(i\deltax) \mu = sin\Thetae^(i\deltay) Satisfying |\lambda|^2 + |\mu|^2 = 1 More explicitly, the electric field is Ex(t)=Eocos\Thetacos(\omega/itex]t-\deltax)...

Hello everybody, I have some questions: I'm talking only about traveling waves, not standing waves. If a linear polarized electromagnetic wave has electric field amplitude E_0, i know that its intensity is given by I=(1/2) (E_0^2 ) /c that is the Poynting vector averaged over a...

Hello everyone. I want to purchase an RFID reader and they asked me if I wanted a left hand or right hand circular polarized reader. I have no clue what this means. Could anyone please help me understand this? I saw some website and all I understood was that the signal travels either clockwise...

Peres, p47 has an thought experiment where: 1 million linearly polarized photons in the x-direction and another million polarized in the y-direction are placed in a box where they travel in the +- z direction with no change in the polarizations. No record is kept of the order in which they...

Homework Statement The polarizatiob charge on the surface of a spherical capacitor is -\sigma_e \cos(\theta), at a point whose radius vector from the centre makes an angle \theta witha given axis Oz. Prove that the field strength at the centre is \frac{\sigma_e}{3 \epsilon_0}, Homework...

can a single photon have different kinds of polarization? say linearly polarized along x-axis circular polarized along y-axis mixed polarized along z-axis actually mixed polarization in a single photon (along a particular axis) cannot happen, right? it can only happen in a beam (which...

Hi, I am trying to understand the reflectivity from metal surfaces, but I'm stuck... I am finding contradicting results and I can't figure out where I'm going wrong. I am reading a paper [1] about IRAS (Infrared reflection absorption spetroscopy) where an IR beam is reflected from a metal with...

I was wondering if anyone had input into this question. Is the measured polarization of a beam of light relative to the frame of the observer? In the texts on Optics that I've read, there does not seem to be any reference to the observer's frame. It is only mentioned that light is...

E/M waves can be polarized, presumably, by filtering either their electric or magnetic transverse vectors. What about matter waves? Can they be electrically or magnetically polarized? Can they be polarized with respect to spin, parity, or any other parameter? That's a lot of...

Hi. I am stuck. By inverting the spin-1 differential operator I was able to derive (quite easily) the propagator for the spin-1 field (in a spontaneously broken gauge theory) in the R_\xi gauges for the arbitrary gauge parameter \xi. The result is...

I learned something about mie scattering in another thread. But I'm still perplexed, as what makes it different from scattering by air molecules (called Rayleigh scattering). But why doesn't the pattern cause polarization of light?

Why does light still pass through when you have three filters and the first is vertical the second is rotated and the third is horizontal?

I was thinking about how does the 3D glasses(not the one with red and blue lens) work. My first idea is that the lenses are polaroids with orthogonal polarization. So I got a 3D glasses from a cinema and try to prove it. I wear the glasses properly(with the arms on my ears) and then look at...

I am very curious as to why dielectrics such as water have a varying level of reflectivity depending on what angle they are viewed at. For a lake of water, what angle yields 100% (or near 100%) reflectivity? Is this angle the same as the Brewster angle? Also, why exactly is it that metals do...

Let's say we send two photons at same time through double slit: Would interference pattern form if: 1. Both the photons are of different polarization? (i.e. one left polarized and the other right) 2. Both the photons are of same polarization?

Homework Statement If a light beam is circularly polarized and then bounced off a mirror perpendicular to the optical axis, what is the new polarization. My thought is, because circularly polarized light has basically 2 components behaving like waves, each of them is going to experience a...

Question! Polarization of Matter Homework Statement [SIZE="2"]Can you please help me in defining the Polarization of matters and its types? I have searched and found some information about it. But basically I didn't find the difference between its various types (Electronic, Ionic, Dipolar...