Voltage Definition and 1000 Threads

Very basic question. Consider a 3-terminal device with terminals say A,B,C. Kirchhoff Current Law (KCL) and Kirchhoff Voltage Law (KVL) establish two relationships between the 3 currents entering the terminals and the 3 terminal's voltage pairs respectively. So we have 2 equations in 6...

Starting from this Fall of potential method, earth ground resistance measurement of a ground electrode E driven into the ground can be done using the "Fall of potential method". Such a measurement method involves two auxiliary test probes (say S and H) driven into the ground at a certain...

Till now, all I have found out, is that for option P, it matches with ## C_0 /3 ##. not able to understand, how to find the capacitance, if two plates are "shorted". My attempt (to solve Q): I mentally connected ## S_2 to S_3 ## with a connecting wire, to ensure that the two plates are at the...

A three-phase four-wire system has 380V LL, 220V LN voltages. A number of single phase 220V loads are connected between each phase and neutral. If the neural gets accidentally disconnected from the source, the 230V LN jumps to 380V LL. I am installing an overvoltage protector that can protect up...

I have plotted the V-R graph. when Rv is 600 ohms, Rf is also 600ohms, which means the voltage across both resistors should be split evenly at 3V each since batt is 6V. however, from the graph, i noticed that Vf is 3.4V and Vv is 2.6V instead at 600 ohms. i would like to know where did it...

Let's say the elements connected in parallel have voltage drop of ##V_x'## each , hence they should have the same resistance ##R_x'##as per the conditions of the problem (since it mentions that if voltage drop across an element is less than ##1## or greater than ##1## , it has some constant...

TL;DR Summary: Hi everyone. I have this circuit problem. I know that vL=0 and iL is just a constant number at t-> infiniti. I have attempted this problem and got energy stored = 4.4J. Please confirm it with me if my approach to the problem is correct. Thank you all.

I was only able to determine the type of measurement, it turns out to be direct - single. I can't find 1) and 2) of the homework instructions. I have the following data:Voltage: U1, B = 15.05 U2, B = 15,06 U3, B = 15,05 Relative error of the multimeter ΔU/U, % = 4 Help please

If there s adc current source between terminals a and b theres two paths for current to flow from A to B.(the two semicircles) i know that voltage across both paths will be same. But im confused as to how these voltage drops across both paths would be equal.For eg on the left side of A current...

I have a fuel pump consisting of a solenoid coil. I have tested the fuel pump at 12V supply. The pump actuates at 20% duty cycle(200Hz frequency) and draws a current of 1.7A. When I increase the supply voltage to 24V it actuates at 7% duty cycle(200Hz Frequency), drawing a current of 0.6A. How...

Hi all I have a ride on toy car for my 2 year old daughter and the battery died after not using the car for a few months. The battery was a 12v 7ah rechargable lead acid battery. I decided to upgrade the battery to a 12v 12ah one and having charged it up and fitted it in the car, I have lost...

Hello, We have a mini split AC Inverter. We need electrical wire for the second mini split AC inverter. Can we get a wire branch from the first AC terminal? Do the voltage drop/sag and fluctuation occur?

Q 1) In electric currents, in a battery, the positive charge starts at the negative terminal and gains energy through emf which forces the charge to go to the positive terminal of the battery, with plenty of energy. This voltage is the energy difference between the terminals. For the charges to...

Hello! I have an experimental setup in which I have 2 rectangular aluminum plates on which I apply some voltages (up to ##\pm 5000## V) in order to deflect some ions. Would it be possible to replace them with same sized plates made of a non-conducting material (e.g. ceramics or PEEK). Can I just...

I've been really confused on how electricity and circuits work 1. If eletrons "slow down" inside a resistor (or wire, I'm considering it's resistance to be ≠ 0) because of collisions with the lattice, then wouldn't the electrons pile up? The charges accumulating doesn't seem to be good. 2. Some...

What exactly occurs at the atomic level when two batteries/galvanic cells are connected in series, resulting in their voltages being added together? I have a rough idea of what happens, but I can't really find a good resource that talks about it in detail. I know that when you connect the...

TL;DR Summary: if there are 2 coils, one with a switch and a battery. If the switch is closed, exactly at that moment when the switch is closed, there is no induced voltage in the other coil, am I correct? In this image, exactly at the moment when we close the switch, there should only be...

my textbook said this which I don't think is true, tho the textbook still said this (this equation is the true one) so is the textbook right about the first equation?

this is the figure in the question.The question can be solved by first finding the induced voltage (and then the induced current), and then we can find the force on each side of the wire due to the magnetic field and subtract them from each other (since the force on the upper and lower sides are...

We know that E is conservative so the integral of E around a closed loop is zero. I know this helps us (in some way, that's why i'm asking) to calculate the total voltage drop around the complete circuit (which is zero). What exactly is "E" in the integral? For example, internet says "electric...

Quick question, is 5 milliamps at household voltage like 240 dangerous? See many conflicting views on this, official accounts state that on an electric shock chart, 5ma is nowhere near the level needed to cause any damage but some electricians on reddit say with low body resistance even low...

I reviewed some of the fundamental physics and I looked back at the equation for Electric potential at a point p: $$V(p) = k \sum_{i} {\frac {q_i} {r_i}}$$ where - p is the point at which the potential is evaluated; - ri is the distance between point p and point i at which there is a nonzero...

I am uncertain if this represents situation (a) or situation (b). i.e. is 2 = E-iR or is 2 = E? Or is the question ambiguous? Thanks!

In electrical circuit there are three resistors and a battery connected in series. After the first two resistors, there is a point connected to the ground. Why is the voltage difference between the ground point and the positive of the battery not 10 volts? In that circuit, I think that the...

Hi! I tried by using the Thevenin. Later using Vth and Rth to calculate Vs(0.1ms). After that I divided the voltage from E over R1 and R3. The circuit and my attempt:

Hi there, I have done an experiment measuring the voltage across the terminals of a dc motor, whilst running and then by holding it with my fingers to stop it. Done as demo for my high school class. The voltage reading was higher when the motor was running, which was against my expectations as...

(a) Substituting the values, I get ##X_L=100\ \Omega##, ##X_C=666.67\ \Omega##. From this, I get ##Z=601\ \Omega##, ##I=49.9\ mA## ##V_R=9.98\ V##, ##V_L=4.99\ V##, ##V_C=33.3\ V## (b) It's possible for the voltage amplitude across the capacitor to be greater than the voltage amplitude across...

So my question is that if i put other lead of multimeter to my hand and other lead to socket 230 phase wire why it shows 150 volts when i stand at floor and 80 volts when i stand at carpet? what causes those voltages? And yes i know doing that could be dangerous. It also shows weird voltage if i...

I use a 12V battery to power a DC booster circuit. After just a moment, my battery's voltage decreased, causing the booster circuit to also decrease its voltage. Is there any way to make the battery last longer without losing voltage? Thanks

I don't know if the capacitance of a capacitor is large, the capacitor will discharge with greater intensity than other capacitors with the same voltage but smaller capacitance, right? Thanks

I have a CCTV camera using the ordinary 12 volts AC to DC adaptor that has higher voltage (like 15 volt) when there is no load. I decided to buy a Meanwell adaptor but the datasheet (below) I got doesn't give the no load voltage. What do you call power adaptor in which the voltage is higher at...

So far this is what I have: I have the power source, two triple in a battery case, negative to the T emitter, T output to the (-) of motor, T base through a resistor to the switch, switch to the (+) of motor. I tried wiring the Led to this junction and the switch, but either the motor or the...

The reading on the voltmeter is 0. I figure the potential drop through line AB must be the same as the potential drop through AC (since voltmeter is zero). As such, the 10 Ohm resistor has the same as the effective resistance of the parallel branch. 1/10 = 1/8 + 1/R 1/R = -0.025 R = -40 Ohms...

If we connect an inductor without ohmic resistance to the alternating voltage source, voltage should induce in the inductor because of the Faraday's law. Voltage is induced by changing magnetic flux through the inductor which is accomplished by alternating current through it. Therefore, in order...

In a simple circuit consisted of a battery and a resistor, how is potential difference actually established on the resistor? My understanding is that battery creates the electric field which propagates through space at the speed of light. Resistor is put inside this field and therefore...

I am bit confused with voltage potential terminology again to basics When it is referred as Voa it is Voltage of "o" wrt "a". Is it correct? But other major question is as per the document I would have written KVL as Voa - I1 * Z = Vn. I am really confused with notation used.

Playing around with electricity and magnetism. Well, trying to anyways. Wound some wire up and down the length of a 4" screw several times. Thought when I spun the magnet close to the coil I would get a detectable amount of current on my voltmeter. Anyone know why I'm not reading anything? I...

It seems that in this example Joe measured the difference ##V_{1,+}-V_{1,-}=1.4V## and then ##V_{2,+}-V_{2,-}=0.8999999V##. Shouldn't one of these be negative? That is if current is flowing clockwise, then shouldn't we have ##V_{2,+}-V_{2,-}=-0.8999999V##? And if the current is...

Hi I have a question. I am currently in the middle of a uni project where I am discussing electrical safety of water and I want to work out what the current would be at mains electricity voltage. (240V) I have done many calculations and have eventually got values by calculating resistance at low...

So my attempt was I1*jXl1+I2*jXm=I2*(jXl2-jXc2) + I1*jXm because they are parallel so they should have the same voltage. I got I1=-3*I2. I know that J=6-j4 and that J=I1+I2 so I just plugged in what I got and I ended up getting the result for I2 and I1. But they are not correct. Why? I am given...

Is my work correct?

Is my work correct? I got confused whether the current Splits or not, but i decided against it.

Provided the length of the arc of an electrostatic generator is 7 cm, can we state that its voltage is around 210,000 V? (details as per link below) https://photos.app.goo.gl/MKSpviQwPh9eS5jZ7

I find the current first, which is 2 A. Then the voltmeter reading would be 10 V - 1 x 2 = 8 V. But the answer is 12 V. I don't understand why it should be 10 + 1 x 2 = 12 V Thanks

Hello! I need a voltage divider where the input is between -10 and 10 V and the output is between -4 and 4 V. I would need something with a bandwidth of 1 (maybe even 10) MHz. Can someone recommend me a reliable product (the price plays a role, too, so being cheaper would be also useful)? Thank you!

Hi, I just got two inquiries: My understanding is that the saturation current is reached when the intensity of light is fixed, when the potential difference is at its positive maximum magnitude. Subsequently, whatever kinetic energy store of any photoelectrons, however deep within the metal's...

Hello! I am trying to control a laser frequency (locking it to a cavity) using a servo (implementing a PID loop). The servo can output voltages between -10 V and 10 V while the laser can only take between -4 V and 4 V. What is the best way to make sure that the voltage to the laser stays below 4...

Hello! I have this photodiode which I connect to an oscilloscope using a normal BNC cable to an oscilloscope, terminated with a 50 Ohm resistor. I measure the output from an optical cavity (which is basically laser light), which in my case looks like a flat signal close to zero, and regular...

If a current flowing within a loop is interrupted by a switch a spark occurs at some point which is a result of the built up potential across the opening switch contacts due to the stored energy in the magnetic field that was created by the flowing current. But what happens if I have a loop...

I was thinking about doing KVL around the circuit at the right but I noticed when the switch opens, the current through the circuit at the right is not the same throughout -5 + Ic*2*1-^3 + Ic*10^3 = -Vc Ic is not the same around the right circuit so I am stuck....