"AC Circuit Analysis - Find i1(t) & i2(t)

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the currents i1(t) and i2(t) in an AC circuit involving resistors R1, R2, R3, a capacitor C, and an inductor L. The user initially derived the impedances Z1 and Z2, applied node analysis, and computed the currents using MATLAB. The calculated currents were i1(t) = 4.9 sin(200t - 33°) mA and i2(t) = 4.4 sin(200t - 14.3°) mA, which differed from the expected results of i1(t) = 5.13 sin(200t + 15.7°) mA and i2(t) = 3.73 sin(200t + 26.2°) mA. The discrepancy was resolved by recognizing the need to reverse the direction of one voltage source.

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Incand
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Homework Statement


Find the currents through ##R_3, i_1(t)## and ##R_2, i_2(t)##.
I attached a diagram of the circuit (diagram.pdf).

In the original diagram the currents I'm trying to find is marked going top to bottom, there's also no directions on the voltages in the original diagram but from the currents I guess they're in the direction drawn

##u_1(t) = 2\sin(200t+30^\circ)##
##u_2(t) = 3 \cos(200t + 20^\circ)##
##R_1 = 100 \Omega##
##R_2=300 \Omega##
##R_3 = 250 \Omega##
##C=10 \mu F##
##L=300mH##

Homework Equations


N/A

The Attempt at a Solution


Lets first simplify at bit by calculating the impedance.
We then have
##Z_1 = R_3+\frac{1}{j\omega C} = 250-j500##
##Z_2 = R_2+j\omega L = 300+j60##

We then have the diagram (diagram2.pdf)
We also write the voltages in complex form
##u_1(t) = 2e^{200t+30^\circ}##
##u_2(t) = 3e^{200t+110^\circ}.## (add ##90^\circ## to write the ##\cos## in ##\sin## form.)

Node analysis:
I ground the bottom node then I use KCL on the top Node, let's call it ##A## and it's potential be ##U_A##.
We then get the equation
##\frac{U_A-u_1(t)}{R_1} + \frac{U_A}{Z_2}+\frac{U_A+u_2(t)}{Z_1}=0.##
Rearanging
##U_A\left( \frac{1}{R_1} +\frac{1}{Z_2} + \frac{1}{Z_1} \right) = \frac{u_1}{R_1}-\frac{u_2(t)}{Z_1}.##
Then ##U_A## can be calculatee and the currents are then
##i_1(t) = \frac{U_A+u_2(t)}{Z_1}## and
##i_2(t) = \frac{U_A}{Z_2}##.

To check that I didn't make any mistakes I calculated this in Matlab
Code:
R=100;
Z1 = 250-500i;
Z2 = 300+60i;
u1 = 2*exp(i*pi*30/180);
u2 = 3*exp(i*pi*110/180);
R3 =250;
Zc = -500j;

temp = u1/R-u2/Z2;
UA = temp/(1/R+1/Z2+1/Z1)
I1 = (UA+u2)/Z1
I2 = UA/Z2
A1 = abs(I1) %amplitude of i_1(t)
phi1 = 180/pi*atan(imag(I1)/real(I1)) %phase constant of i_1
A2 = abs(I2)
phi2 = 180/pi*atan(imag(I2)/real(I2))

Using this I get the output
##UA = 1.3377 - 0.0697i##
##I1=-0.0041 + 0.0027i##
##I2 = 0.0042 - 0.0011i##
##A1 = 0.0049##
##A2 = 0.0044##
##phi1 = -33##
##phi2 = -14.3##
So the currents should be
##i_1(t) =4.9 \sin (200 t -33^\circ) mA## and
##i_2(t) = 4.4 \sin (200t - 14.3^\circ mA##.

However the answer says that it should be
##i_1(t) = 5.13\sin(200t + 15.7^\circ )## mA and
##I_2(t) = 3.73 \sin (200t + 26.2^\circ )##mA.

I've been at this question for two days and I can't see where I'm going wrong.
 

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Last edited:
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Only thing I've noticed so far:

ACtemp.png
 
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Likes   Reactions: Incand
Nice catch! That together with changing the sign of one of the voltage sources fixes it. Apparently one of them was meant to be the other way around.
 

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