To determine the period of oscillation for a box floating in a liquid, the relationship between the restoring force and displacement must be established. The restoring force is influenced by buoyancy, which changes with depth, and can be expressed in terms of the excess buoyancy force. The equation of motion can be derived from the balance of forces, leading to a second-order differential equation resembling that of simple harmonic motion (SHM). The key variables include the density of the liquid, the area of the box, and the mass of the object. Ultimately, the period of oscillation can be calculated using the established relationship between force, mass, and displacement.