Change in entropy per mole for an isothermal process

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SUMMARY

The change in entropy per mole for an isothermal process is calculated using the formula ΔS = ΔQ / T. In a reversible isothermal process, the internal energy change (dU) is zero, leading to the equation dQ = pdV. For one mole, the pressure is defined as p = RT / V, resulting in ΔQ = RT ln(2). Consequently, the change in entropy is ΔS = R ln(2), confirming option (c) as the correct answer.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermodynamic principles, specifically isothermal processes.
  • Familiarity with the first law of thermodynamics and the concept of internal energy.
  • Knowledge of the ideal gas law (pV = nRT).
  • Basic calculus for evaluating integrals.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the entropy formula in thermodynamics.
  • Learn about reversible and irreversible processes in thermodynamics.
  • Explore the implications of the ideal gas law in various thermodynamic scenarios.
  • Investigate the relationship between entropy and the second law of thermodynamics.
USEFUL FOR

Students of thermodynamics, physics enthusiasts, and anyone studying chemical engineering principles related to entropy and isothermal processes.

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Homework Statement


upload_2017-12-12_12-41-46.png


Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


## dS = \frac { dQ_{rev} } { T } ##

Assuming that isothermal process is a reversible processes,

## dU = dQ – pdV##

For isothermal process, dU = 0.

## dQ = pdV ##

## pV = nRT##, where n is number of moles.

For one mole,

## p = \frac { RT} { V } ##

So, ##\Delta Q = RT \int_V ^ {2V} \frac { RT} { V } dV##

## = RT \ln2##

So, ##\Delta S = \frac { \Delta Q } { T } = R \ln2 ##Hence, the correct option is (c).
 

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