Differential vs. Derivative of a multivariable function

In summary, the conversation discusses the relationship between the differential of a possibly complex-valued function F(z) and its derivative dF/dz. It is concluded that F must be differentiable in order for dF to exist and make sense, even though the existence of partial derivatives is not enough to guarantee differentiability.
  • #1
AxiomOfChoice
533
1
Consider a (possibly complex-valued) function [itex]F(z) = F(x,y)[/itex] of two variables. Can it make sense to talk about the differential [itex]dF[/itex] of this function without it having a derivative [itex]dF/dz[/itex]? Or must [itex]F[/itex] be differentiable before we can even start talking about [itex]dF[/itex]?
 
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  • #2
Yes, F must be "differentiable" in order to have a "differential"!
 
  • #3
Mh, why is that?

I thought that by definition, dF is the formal expression

[tex]dF=\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}dx+\frac{\partial F}{\partial y}dy[/tex]

So existence of partial derivatives is sufficient to make sense of dF.
 
  • #4
quasar987 said:
Mh, why is that?

I thought that by definition, dF is the formal expression

[tex]dF=\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}dx+\frac{\partial F}{\partial y}dy[/tex]

So existence of partial derivatives is sufficient to make sense of dF.

This is precisely what I thought! We only need the partials to exist to make sense out of [itex]dF[/itex]. But as we all know, the existence of partials is insufficient to guarantee differentiability.
 
  • #5
Well, you can write
[tex]df= \frac{\partial f}{\partial x}dx+ \frac{\partial f}{\partial y}[/tex]
as long as the partial derivatives exist but to what point? None of the properties of a differential work unless f is differentiable.
 

Related to Differential vs. Derivative of a multivariable function

What is the difference between a differential and a derivative of a multivariable function?

A differential is an infinitesimal change in the value of a function, while a derivative is the instantaneous rate of change of a function at a specific point.

How do you calculate the differential of a multivariable function?

The differential of a multivariable function is calculated by taking the sum of the partial derivatives of the function with respect to each variable, multiplied by the corresponding infinitesimal change in each variable.

What is the process for finding the derivative of a multivariable function?

To find the derivative of a multivariable function, you must take the partial derivative of the function with respect to each variable, and then combine them using the chain rule or product rule if necessary.

What is the relationship between differentials and derivatives in multivariable functions?

Differentials and derivatives are closely related in multivariable functions, as the differential is essentially the linear approximation of the function at a specific point, and the derivative is the slope of the function at that point.

Can differentials and derivatives be used interchangeably in multivariable functions?

No, differentials and derivatives have different interpretations and uses in multivariable functions. Differentials are used for approximations and error analysis, while derivatives are used to find rates of change and optimize functions.

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