Rotational degrees of freedom in gases contribute to the internal energy but not directly to the measurement of temperature. When heating a polyatomic gas at constant volume, its heat capacity is higher than that of a monatomic gas, resulting in a smaller temperature increase for the same energy input. The temperature is related to the average kinetic energy of all thermally excited modes, not just translational kinetic energy. The equipartition theorem indicates that energy is distributed among all degrees of freedom, but temperature itself is not a sum of these contributions. Therefore, when measuring temperature, one is assessing the average energy associated with all degrees of freedom, including rotational and vibrational, rather than just translational energy.