Electric Field and spherical cavities

AI Thread Summary
The discussion focuses on calculating the surface charges on a neutral conducting sphere with two spherical cavities containing point charges qa and qb. The electric field due to charge qa is expressed as E = qa/(4πε0a^2) and relates to the potential gradient. A participant questions the sign of the surface charge, suggesting that it should be negative due to the requirement that the total charge inside a Gaussian surface remains zero. The confusion arises from the relationship between the surface charge and the central charge, emphasizing that the surface charge must indeed have the opposite sign to maintain neutrality. The conversation highlights the importance of understanding electric fields and charge distributions in conductive materials.
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Two spherical cavities of radii a and b are hollowed out from the interior of a neutral conducting sphere of radius R. At the center of each cavity is a point charge place, callthem qa and qb

a) Find teh surface charges sigma a, sigma b, and sigma R.

ok say for qa

\vec{E} = \frac{q_{a}}{4 \pi \epsilon_{0} a^2} \hat{a} = - \vec{\nabla} V \bullet \hat{n}

also \sigma = -\epsilon_{0} \vec{\nabla} V \bullet \hat{n} = \frac{q_{a}}{4 \pi a^2}

but i was told this answer should be negative.. where is my mistake?
 

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The total charge inside a guassian surface surrounding one inner sphere has to be zero, The surface charge must have the opposite sign of the central charge.
 
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