EM waves, or electromagnetic waves, are a form of energy that travels through space in the form of oscillating electric and magnetic fields. They are a fundamental part of the electromagnetic spectrum and are used in many technologies such as radio, television, and cell phones.
EM waves are created when an electric charge is accelerated or decelerated, causing a disturbance in the electric and magnetic fields. This disturbance then propagates through space as an EM wave.
The wavelength and frequency of an EM wave are inversely proportional. This means that as the wavelength increases, the frequency decreases, and vice versa. This relationship is described by the equation c = fλ, where c is the speed of light, f is the frequency, and λ is the wavelength.
EM waves are able to travel through a vacuum, such as outer space, because they do not require a physical medium to propagate. However, they can also travel through different mediums, such as air, water, and glass, but their speed and direction may be affected by the properties of the medium.
EM waves have a wide range of applications in our daily lives, including communication technologies like radio, television, and cell phones, as well as medical imaging techniques like X-rays and MRI scans. They are also used in remote sensing, radar systems, and in microwave ovens.