Equation of Tangent for Ellipse ax^2+by^2=1

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In summary, the chord of contact of tangents from the point (2t, 1-t) to the ellipse ax^2+by^2=1 passes through the point (p,q).
  • #1
thereddevils
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Homework Statement



Show that the tangent to the ellipse ax^2+by^2=1 at the point (h,k) has equation ahx+bky=1

Hence, deduce that the chord of contact of tangents from the point (m,n) to the ellipse ax^2+by^2=1 has equation amx+bny=1

Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution



I managed to prove the first part but am having problem with the second part.

Of course, it can be done by evaluating the gradient of tangent of the ellipse and use the straight line formulas to prove that.

But i am not sure how to DEDUCE that from what i got from the first part.
 
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  • #2
Any line through (m,n) is of the form y- n= a(x- m) where "a" is the slope of the line. On the other hand, any tangent to the ellipse at (h, k) has equation ahx+ bky= 1 which we can rewrite as bky= -ahx+ 1 or y= -(ah/bk)x+ 1/bk which has slope -(ah/bk). A line that both passes through (m,n) and is tangent to the ellipse at (h, k) must be of the form y- n= -(ah/bk)(x- m) or, multiplying through by bk, bky- bkn= -ahx+ ahm or ahx+ bky= bkn+ ahm.

Now use the fact that (h, k) is a point on the ellipse: [itex]ah^2+ bk^2= 1[/itex]
 
  • #3
HallsofIvy said:
Any line through (m,n) is of the form y- n= a(x- m) where "a" is the slope of the line. On the other hand, any tangent to the ellipse at (h, k) has equation ahx+ bky= 1 which we can rewrite as bky= -ahx+ 1 or y= -(ah/bk)x+ 1/bk which has slope -(ah/bk). A line that both passes through (m,n) and is tangent to the ellipse at (h, k) must be of the form y- n= -(ah/bk)(x- m) or, multiplying through by bk, bky- bkn= -ahx+ ahm or ahx+ bky= bkn+ ahm.

Now use the fact that (h, k) is a point on the ellipse: [itex]ah^2+ bk^2= 1[/itex]

thanks, this is the continuatino of the question.

Show that for all values of t, the chord of contact of tangents from the point (2t, 1-t) to the ellipse ax^2+by^2=1 passes through a fixed point and determine the point of this coordinates.

The cartesian equation of (2t,1-t) is y=-1/2 x+1

So any point from this line to the ellipse will pass through a fixed point say (p,q)

Any further hints on this?
 

1. What is the equation of tangent for an ellipse?

The equation of tangent for an ellipse is given by y = mx + c, where m is the slope of the tangent line and c is the y-intercept.

2. How do you find the slope of the tangent line for an ellipse?

The slope of the tangent line for an ellipse can be found by taking the derivative of the ellipse's equation with respect to x, and then substituting the x-coordinate of the point of tangency into the resulting expression.

3. Can the equation of tangent for an ellipse have multiple solutions?

Yes, the equation of tangent for an ellipse can have multiple solutions, as an ellipse can have multiple tangent lines passing through a given point on the ellipse.

4. What is the significance of the coefficients a and b in the equation of tangent for an ellipse ax^2+by^2=1?

The coefficients a and b in the equation of tangent for an ellipse represent the lengths of the major and minor axes of the ellipse, respectively. These values can be used to determine the shape and orientation of the ellipse.

5. Can the equation of tangent for an ellipse be used to find the point(s) of tangency?

Yes, by solving the equation of tangent for the coordinates of the point(s) of tangency, the point(s) of tangency can be determined. This can be useful in finding the intersection point(s) of two ellipses.

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